StudentShare
Contact Us
Sign In / Sign Up for FREE
Search
Go to advanced search...
Free

Issues of Reliability and Validity of Data - Assignment Example

Cite this document
Summary
Countries vary in their cultures, values, consumption pattern as well as demand of products among many other things. For the analysis of each country, different models need to be formulated for the data collection as consumption pattern and demand is different in each of the countries. …
Download full paper File format: .doc, available for editing
GRAB THE BEST PAPER94.9% of users find it useful
Issues of Reliability and Validity of Data
Read Text Preview

Extract of sample "Issues of Reliability and Validity of Data"

Part I Introduction Countries vary in their cultures, values, consumption pattern as well as demand of products among many other things. For the analysis of each country, different models need to be formulated for the data collection as consumption pattern and demand is different in each of the countries. Data collection techniques are basically systematic in nature. It allows one to follow a system of conducting the research and the information gathered can be analyzed by using different models of research.

A research is valid if the sources generated for data collection are reliable and are done in a systematic way. One can take both types of data, primary as well as secondary, for the consumers’ demand in these countries. Both the types of data are necessary for finding out the consumer demand in a country. Primary data will provide the information which has not been collected before as it is collected as per the need of the research. Usually the process is expensive and time consuming. The secondary data provides information which has been collected by certain other orgaisations or professionals.

So, it minimizes the cost as well as time. It uses the mediums like surveys, focus group, observations and experiments. To understand the consumer behavior through the analysis of secondary data, tools like purchase panels, database marketing, and neuroscience needs to be used. Qualitative as well as quantitative data are very important for analysis and ensuring the validity and reliability of the consumer behavior data. Quantitative data are more reliable and valid than the qualitative data.

The method for establishing the validity and reliability of qualitative data takes the form of expert interview, participant feedback, regression analysis, and statistical analysis. The contents, structure, criterion and consequential effect provide the required validity. The countries from where data on consumer behavior needs to be collected, in order to meet the requirements of the paper, are USA, UK, Australia, India and Poland. Each of the nations has different markets with different consumption and demand pattern.

United States of America The superpower, USA has a capitalist economy. Consumer behavior is a scientific approach and qualitative techniques can be used by applying ‘Individual - Depth – Interview’ model. Face - to – face interview is possible with more details as it is also related to consumer behavior. It can be conducted through phone and web combination, as it is a direct conversation with the respondent. Quantitative techniques can be used in the form of ‘Structured Questionnaires Model’.

It is specific and quantified form. Both can be used for finding the consumer behavior pattern in USA market. While collecting the data it should be considered that if too many open-ended questions are used, it might make the analysis complicated. Also, inappropriate statistical tests should be avoided. Issues of Reliability and Validity of Data Reliability Reliability is an essential pre-requisite for validity. Inter –observer reliability should be maintained in order to access the degree to which different observers agree when measuring the same phenomenon simultaneously.

Test-retest reliability should be introduced. If variables are unchanged, the test made from the samples should be again tested for close agreement among the tests. Validity The external validity can be checked if the research result can be applied to the real world and it forms a generalization concept. The internal validity can be verified if the observed effects in the research are the results of the experimental condition or treatment, rather than that of intervention. Economic Factors The economic factors that would contribute to analyze the consumer demand in the market of USA are Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Monthly Wholesale Trade, Personal Income and Outlays and monthly sales for retail and food services.

The information of GDP and Personal Income and Outlays can be availed from Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). The information of Monthly Wholesales Trade and monthly sales for retail and food services can be availed from Census Bureau of USA. These are the economic indicators of USA market and the sources are also reliable and valid. Bibliography Golafshani, N., (2003). Understanding Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research. NOVA Southeastern University. Retrieved Online on July 15, 2010 from http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR8-4/golafshani.

pdf Hoyer, D, W., (2008). Consumer Behavior. Cengage Learning. IDRC., (No Date). Overview of data collection techniques. The International Development Research Centre. Retrieved Online on July 15, 2010 from http://www.idrc.ca/en/ev-56606-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html Moskal, M, B., (No Date). Useful Concepts in Qualitative and Quantitative Research. Southeastern University and college for Engineering Education. Retrieved Online on July 15, 2010 from http://www.succeed.ufl.edu/icee/workshops/moskalworkshopfl.pdf

Read More
Cite this document
  • APA
  • MLA
  • CHICAGO
(“Issues of Reliability and Validity of Data Assignment”, n.d.)
Issues of Reliability and Validity of Data Assignment. Retrieved from https://studentshare.org/information-technology/1568366-issues-of-reliability-and-validity-of-data
(Issues of Reliability and Validity of Data Assignment)
Issues of Reliability and Validity of Data Assignment. https://studentshare.org/information-technology/1568366-issues-of-reliability-and-validity-of-data.
“Issues of Reliability and Validity of Data Assignment”, n.d. https://studentshare.org/information-technology/1568366-issues-of-reliability-and-validity-of-data.
  • Cited: 0 times

CHECK THESE SAMPLES OF Issues of Reliability and Validity of Data

Reliability, Validity and Trustworthiness in Nursing

Modern scientific paradigms in nursing are triggering nurses' learning: “there is nothing to be gained from the use of alternative terms which, on analysis, often prove to be identical to the traditional terms of reliability and validity” (Long & Johnson 2000, p.... Three main concepts of nursing research reliability and validity are two integrative elements of trustworthiness of the researches and studies.... That is why the following research, which is based on the article by Byrne, Cooper and Fairburn “Weight maintenance and relapse in obesity: a qualitative study”, the concept of reliability is discussed in detail....
6 Pages (1500 words) Essay

Validity and Reliability Matrix

For each of the tests of reliability and validity listed on the matrix, prepare a 50-100-word description of test's application and under what conditions these types of reliability would be used as well as when it would be inappropriate.... Validity and Reliability Matrix This form of reliability is used to judge the consistency of results across items on the same test.... This test often helps researchers interpret data and predict the value of scores and the limits of the relationship among variables....
5 Pages (1250 words) Essay

Validity in Qualitative Research in Education

In this paper we will investigate the importance… We will also touch upon the particular problem of validity in qualitative research in education, its possible interpretations and types. First of all let's discuss the importance of the qualitative Research methods appeared to be applied in the field of education only in recent times....
7 Pages (1750 words) Essay

Validity and Reliability issues

The methods of data collection and analysis can pose a significant challenge to the researcher.... hellip; The manner in which data is collected creates room for the researcher to introduce personal views into the process.... Qualitative researchers are also limited by the social context within which the data is collected and analyzed.... This paper analyses that qualitative researchers face many validity and reliability issues due to concerns emanating from four key areas that include credibility, dependability, conformability and transferability....
7 Pages (1750 words) Research Paper

Comprehensive Written Exams - Issues of Reliability and Validity of Data

This paper "Comprehensive Written Exams - Issues of Reliability and Validity of Data" focuses on the countries that vary in their cultures, values, consumption pattern as well as the demand for products among many other things.... nbsp;  One can take both types of data, primary as well as secondary, for the consumers' demand in these countries.... Both the types of data are necessary for finding out the consumer demand in a country.... nbsp; … data collection techniques are basically systematic in nature....
10 Pages (2500 words) Assignment

Validity and Reliability Issues

This should be from the researchers' perspective as these are the people who can legitimately judge the validity of the research.... This research paper  "Validity and Reliability Issues" explains the validity and reliability issues of the qualitative research technique, physiological assumptions that have affected the credibility of most works, and the strategies that can be adapted to ensure the integrity of qualitative research findings.... In ensuring validity, it helps to have in mind that the rules that have for a long time prompted to guarantee truths of inquiries have changed greatly over time (Goerel et al 2012)....
7 Pages (1750 words) Research Paper

The Role of Validity, Relevance and Generalizability

The forms of the validity of data include construct, face, predictive, concurrent and theoretical among many others.... The validity, reliability, and generalizability of data play an explicit part and an integral role.... In most cases, researchers usually estimate the validity of quantitative data by asking a range of questions and in also search for the solutions in the research carried out by others.... The aim of this paper is to critically investigate the role that reliability, validity, and generalizability plays in both the quantitative and qualitative data....
12 Pages (3000 words) Coursework

Diagnosis and Management of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

In this case, the paper evaluates the effectiveness and efficiency of using questionnaires as a way to obtain primary data for the research.... The research "Diagnosis and Management of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder" has made the author realized the importance of ADHD disorder in children and gave extended knowledge of the strategies and methods used for children with ADHD disorder that may be used for his future employment....
7 Pages (1750 words) Research Paper
sponsored ads
We use cookies to create the best experience for you. Keep on browsing if you are OK with that, or find out how to manage cookies.
Contact Us