Buying Lifting Belts - Assignment Example

Part 1: Log proformas 6–10 Log proforma 6 a. Complete the table below (use reading 3.1). b. Read reading 3.2. On the basis of your reading mark T (True) or F (False) after the short statement below. Operating a control in the reverse of the required movement is an error sometimes made by pilots of aeroplanes.  ____T__. c. Explain in one sentence what the pictures below tell (reading 3.2). (Armstrong, TJ 1983, P 2) (Reference:  Armstrong, TJ 1983, ‘Ergonomics and medicine’, Health … EnvironmentOccupationsVol. 1, No. 1, P. 2.) Log proforma 7 a. What is link analysis? (Four points maximum: reading 3.4) 1. the analytical and proper arrangement of sequences for making a task systematic is link analysis 2. Maintaining regularity in the frequency of sequences is the basic of link analysis. It is here that different control and displays need to be avoided. 3. Systematic analysis of various functions of a particular system id link analysis. 4. The means through which all the functions of a group of controls and displays of a large system can be maintained is link analysis. b. What does the following picture say? (3 sentences maximum: reading 3.5.) (Chaffin & Andersson, 1984, P 359) (Reference:  Chaffin, DB & Andersson, GBJ 1984, ‘Hand tool design guidelines’, Occupational biomechanics, John Wiley & Sons, Brisbane, P. Chapter 11, 359, Fig. 11.1.) 1. Comparison has been done between two groups of trainees in electronic assembly and it has been found that it is always better to bend pliers than wrist. 2. It is by bent pliers and straight wrists that the workers are getting more stabilized in the 2nd week. 3. The application of wrist in ulnar deviation there is a marked increase in the disease. c. True or false? (according to Linda Trent in reading 3.7). Write T or F in the space provided. Many researchers have concluded that, in general, cool colours tend to calm people while warm colours excite them. _______T_______________ Log proforma 8 a. Is the following sentence true or false (according to Rowe in reading 4.1)? If trigger finger has been present for more than a very few weeks, conservative treatment will still usually be able to help. (Please tick.) True ____________  False ___ b. According to Woolard in reading 4.2, the course of repetition/strain disorder would not appear to have some relationship to occupation. True or False? (Please tick.) True ____________  False ________ c. Bammer (reading 4.5) argues that there are four generally accepted causes of repetitive motion injuries. Name them. 1. Physical features of visual display terminals [VDTs] 2. Changes in work organization brought by visual display terminals [VDTs] 3. Changes in psychological aspects of work brought by visual display terminals [VDTs] 4. Technological Changes brought by visual display terminals [VDTs] Log proforma 9 a. The following diagram is reproduced from reading 4.6. What does it say? (One sentence.) (Armstrong, 1986, P. 357) (Reference: Armstrong, JG 1986, ‘Ergonomics and cumulative trauma disorders’, Hand Clinics, Vol. 2, No. 3, P. 357, Fig. 4.) b. Explain the following diagram taken from reading 4.7. (Two sentences maximum) (Arndt, 1983, P 440) (Reference: Arndt, R 1983, ‘Working posture and musculoskeletal problems of video display terminal operators – review and reappraisal’, American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Vol. 44, No. 6, P. 440, Fig. 3.) c. According to Dr Mackay (1989, p. 965) (reading 4.8) psychosocial factors are at least as important as physical characteristics of workplaces in influencing health and well-being. Summarise the author’s view in 10 lines. --- According to Dr. Mackay, all kinds of workplaces are stresses with work pressure, but physical comfort minimizes this pressures to a great extent. It is therefore very important to facilitate all the workers and the employees with proper physical comforts. In a way there should be the availability of all those equipments that can give more relaxation to the body. This is the basic thing that can comfort the mind to a great extend and can increase the quality of the world. The psychological impact and stresses are more dependable over the amount of physical stresses. If the mind is preoccupied by the physical inconvenience then there cannot be well organized working spirits. It is state that will diminish the status and efficiency of any work. Thus it is very important to have physical comfort so that more work can be delivered in lesser time span. Log proforma 10 a. Explain the following diagram in no more than two sentences. (Reference: Work practices guide for manual lifting 1981, US Government Printing Office, Washington DC, P. 133.) 1. Manual lifting results in less work output and is time consuming. 2. Assistance to manual lifting brings in more skills and power in human resources. b. According to Robert Snook (reading 4.10) musculoskeletal injuries in the workplace continue to be the leading cause of disability in the developed countries. Summarise the author’s views in 10 lines. --- Robert Snook discovers that the musculoskeletal disorders and injuries are 3 times still more in the developed countries of the world. The reason behind is the unavailability of all kinds of physically supported equipments in the lifting process. These musculoskeletal injuries in most of the workplaces are causing serious disability in almost all the developed nation. It is very important to have some exclusive and comprehensive programmes in order to check the preplacement testing and training of all the employees. Added to this it is also very important to have ergonomics appropriate treatments made compulsory for all. As for Robert Snook this ergonomics appropriate treatment will minimize lots of disabilities and will provide adequate prevention to many. He also supported enlightened management and some spaces for cooperative unions in the work places. Robert Snook is a strong believer of all these amalgamation and finds it to be the absolute solution for the same. c. Tick true or false for each of the following statements 1. Reddell et al. (reading 4.11) report that there are factors which validate the recommendation that airlines should not issue weightlifting belts to their fleet service clerk work groups. True ________ False _______________ 2. McGill et al. (reading 4.12), through their research, make it easy to justify prescribing the use of abdominal belts to workers. True __________ False _______________ Part 2: The purpose of buying lifting belts is to make the manual lifting easier and to protect the lifters from IAP, i.e., intra-abdominal pressure. In the modern set, and as per A. Amendola, in ‘An investigation of the effects of external support on manual lifting’, with the availability of lifting belts the application of the same is very important. It gives very less pressure to the lumber spine and thus is very effective while making a manual lift. It is also very important as it has been found to be very helpful in making the abdominal muscle work in much easier wand comfortable way (Morris et.al. 1961). . Bartelink in 1957 has discovered that the use of lifting belts is the convenient way in distributing the energy in the process. This makes the task effortless and more of the energy can be applied to the means. Under the act of mechanical rationale activity the IAP gets the advantage of being relieved from the act of compression far directly. It relieves the extensor musculature n supporting the entire moment of lifting something heavy and reducing disc compression (D. Haslam, N. McCartney, R. McKalve, and D. MacDougal, 1988). As a matter of fact the lateral forces get generated in the process of lifting. This is the activity that is very much dependable over the internal oblique and the by transverse abdominal muscles. This all together gets transformed into lambodorsal fascia, i.e., LDF and it acts in the process of pulling the spinous together. The stress thus gets diminished and the act becomes far more convenient than what it is. We need to check out the hypothesis as has been forwarded by Tesh in 1987, Mecintosh in 1987 and McGill and Norman in 1988. According to all these scholars the researchers are all very appropriate to generate the means of considering the use of the lifting belts. As for me I totally agree with the department supervisor, and suggest her to go for it in order to make the manual lifting easier and more comfortable. The manual labour will surely decrease and there will be a final way of getting more weights lifted then it is in general. That is to say by the use of lifting belts the labour will have much comfortable zones of act and as such there will be a kind of rid from all kinds of spinal and muscle discomfort. As the mechanism is more physical friendly, it is also worth the state where the contribution of labour will increase in lesser span of time. The skill and efficiency levels will thus increase for sure. As IAP is very much into the act of extending trunk extensor moment, the use of lift belt will support the direct lift either on the spine or on the elevated IAP. This is the reason that the use of lifting belts needs to be well scrutinized before use. My advice to the department supervisor is to check the various aspects of the lifting belt before handing it over to the labours. The most important thing is of course the reflection that needs to be diminished for the purpose of extensor muscles. The electrical activity should be well scrutinized and the use needs to be very authentic or the targeted purpose will never get served. Some believe that by the long term use of these belts the labour may have diminished capacity towards lifting thing (C. A. Sherwood, 1988). There is every possibility of losing the adequate strength of the usual power and energy. It is also very important to have proper selection and training for the same, or the results can be adverse. Some ideas also have grown regarding the mishaps and the lessening of bone strength in the regular and long term use of these belts. There are lots of confusions though related to the use of these lifting belts but the proper use of these can make the labour get more energy without stressing his spine or abdominal muscles. As it is obvious that the act of lifting is very much associated with kinetic and isometric exercises, it can be very injurious if some slip disc occurs in the spine (Nachemson, Anderson, and Schultz, 1986, P 476-479). It is very wise to use the lifting belts so that these are the minimized version of these risks in the act of the activity of lifting heavy weights. As for some suggestion, I have discovered that the department supervisor needs to make selection of the belts that can fit into the abdominal section without letting any harm to it. For this it is very much recommended to have wider and broader edged belts. The spine will also get enough support and there will be a diminished state of injuries (Horsford, 1989). The position and postures too needed to be trained so that the belt can support the lifter in a better way. As it is a great support to the back muscle it is also very worth to have a good spine till old age. In spite of lifting heavy weights these belts can make the task easier and thus are compulsory in most of the cases. All kinds of back injury prevention classes are equally important and the basic training for the same is mandatory. As it has been discovered that most of the developed countries are suffering fro problems related to back, spinal cord and abdominal muscle problem, it is very necessary to make everyone aware of the facts related to all these disorders (Gracovetsky, Farfan and Lamy. 1981, P 249-26). Having sophisticated working environment and up to date administrative means are not enough until and unless the physical sides are not taken well care of. It is thus very important to have all kinds of healthy options and privileges for a comfortable working environment. The use of these belts and many such things are very much a part of corporate needs and thus has to be well maintained. Though there are many points of views regarding the long term use of lifting belts, I really will support the idea of using them. The effects are there for lifting; however these belts are appropriate in making the task easier and comfortable (Reitan, 1941 P 762-779). As it is more important to have less lumber injuries than to have any other hurdle; the special and well maintained belts are recommended. References Amendola, A., An investigation of the effects of external support on manual lifting, Unpublished Doctoral dissertation, Texas A & M University. College Station TX 77843 (1989) Bartelink. D. L. 1957, The Role of Abdominal Pressure in Relieving The Pressure on the Lumber Intervertebral Discs. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 39B, 718-725 Haslam, D., McCartney, N., McKalve, R. and MacDougal, D. 1988, Direct measurements of arterial blood pressure during formal weightlifting in cardiac patient, Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, 8, 213-225. Horsford, W. H., An ergonomic evaluation of back support devices used as lifting aids for males. Unpublished Master’s Thesis. Texas A & M University. College Station TX 77843 (1989) Gracovetsky, S., Farfan, H.F. and Lamy,C. 1981, Mechanism of the Lumber Spine, Spine, 6(3), 249-26 Macintosh, J.E., Bogduk, N. and Gracovetsky, S. 1987, The biomechanics of the thoracolumber fascia, Clinical Biomechanics, 2, 78-93 McGill, S.M. and Norman, R. W. 1988, The potential of lumbodorsal fascia to generate back extension moments during squat lifts, Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 10, 312-318 Morris, J. M., Lucas, D. B. and Bresler, B. 1961, Role of the trunk in the stability of the spine, Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 43A, 327-351 Nachemson, A., Anderson, G. B. J. and Schultz, A. B. 1986, Valsalva manoeuvre biomechanics : effects on lumber trunk of elevated intra abdominal pressure, Spine, 11 (5), 476-479 Reitan, M. 1941, On movements of fluid inside the cerebrospinal space, Acta Radiologica Scandinavica, 22 762-779 Sherwood, C. A., An evaluation of back support activities for females involved in the lifting task, Unpublished Master’s thesis. Texas A & M University. College Station TX 77843 (1988) Tesh, K.M., Dunn, J. AND Evans, J. H. 1987, The abdominal muscles and vertebral stability, Spine 12 (5), 501-508 Read More