Tourism Management, Motivation - Coursework Example

Running heading: Tourism management Tourism management Name: Tutor: Course: Date: Introduction The world is a globally a beautiful place to live. We are born, live and die, and in the process, meet people from different parts of the world. Moving form one geographical place to another, it is sometimes difficult to notice that we are exploring the world without much choice. Traveling for leisure is important to break the monotony of our daily routine lifestyle. People move out and about for different reasons among them visit friends and family, business trips, educational trips, and at times, for tours. Tourism can therefore be defined as traveling for leisure and exploration. To systematize our vision of tourism, we look at the leisure part of tourism, and its industrial dimension, especially at improving people’s lives. People & Organizations An organization is a key element in our society today and almost everything we do revolves around an organization. On the other hand, a strategy is a plan. It basically refers to the plans a business organization has put in place for proper and efficient running of the organization. An organization is greatly influenced by the strategies that are put in place; however, the two are interdependent. A good strategy is a reflection of the company’s weaknesses and strengths and therefore, much care and consideration should be put in formulating any organizations strategy (Sharma, 1998). Strategy mainly focuses on the continuity of the organization. It aims at imposing codes of conduct and patterns of behavior on the employees in the organization making them conform to what the management wants. This is in order for them to achieve the company’s objectives. Managers must be well equipped to handle strategic change in the organization. Coming up with new strategies means that the organization is moving from a familiar domain to relatively stranger and undefined one. Therefore, this is the greatest challenge managers have to face in their line of duty. Strategic management refers to the implementation of knowledge through the applications of various analysis methods. This helps in determining the best suited actions in regards to the specific problems that the company is facing. In other words, management needs to determine the best actions to take so as to improve performance. Different organizations have different strategies and these vary based on the current environment of the organization also future expectations or future projects. Therefore a good manager should be in a position to understand the organization's strategy. Also, he/she ought to be able to incorporate the strategy to the structure of the organization in order to achieve profit maximization in the organization in the most efficient method. Strategy should never be confused for revolution. This is because; a strategy mainly focuses on bringing some positive continuity to the organization whereas a revolution entails a change in the system of the organization. The main objective of formulating good organizations strategies is to bring advancement in the organization. A manager uses these strategies to enforce structured patterns and codes of behavior in the organization. A manager should therefore be in a position to identify whether the shift in the nature of a strategy is positive and desirable to his organization or whether it is unnecessary. A good manager should be open to suggestions from his subordinates and should be radical in his views. This means that he should be willing to try out new things and take chances in what he does. Therefore, for any organization to prosper, it must have a good manager and must have a good and workable business strategy (Sethi, 1999). Moreover, a manager should learn to work with all the people in the organization as this relationship will enhance the employer/employee relationship. This in return will encourage employees to freely share their ideas and suggestions for the development of the organization with their superiors. According to the Stakeholders theory, the organization's management is obliged to foster good and favorable relations with non shareholders who basically consist of employees, suppliers, consumers and creditors. By so doing the quality of work and output is always bound to increase hence profit maximization in the firm. This is because “leaders who distance themselves from the impact of their decisions on individuals, both internal and external to the organization, create an environment counterproductive to doing what is right”. There are several analysis methods applicable in determining the way forward for an organization. Learning styles Learning styles are the skills used in management of these attractive sites. Management is the art of having the ability to govern, control, coordinate and ensure that all departments work together towards achieving a common goal. Managerial levels do appear for specific accountability relevance and correct record keeping. An economy can be defined as a legal, level playing field for goods and services that may be substituted for each other using an acceptable medium of exchange, for example, money. In any economy, there is provision of particular services. This forms the basis and core of management. For smooth running, there must exist efficient and effective leadership. Likewise, a head has to lead the troop. The economy is no different. Economic and industrial democracy is all about making the political world, the economical world and the social world connect in order to bring out the taste of true, genuine strength towards heading for the “self actualization aspect”. The economic crisis worldwide, have made the travel and tourism sectors stop some of their investments projects, so as to reduce expenses. Job opportunities are few some of the workers are fired so as to reduce the cost of the money spent, on paying them. For instance, in Kenya, hundreds of staffs working in the industry have lost their jobs in the past few months and by the look of thing, this year might be worse for the people employed in the travel and tourism sector in Kenya. This has affected the people working in the industry, as well as the entire tourism industry. Richard found out that staffs working in the sectors have a lot of work to do, leaving others undone (97). This has slowly led to mismanagement of funds in these sectors leading to financial instability. Tourists who are used to visit these sites are losing interest in these sectors due to the poor management of the industries. There is no development in the sites, and tourists are not willing to spend their money on constantly visiting same places. Tourism is also all about visiting new places or places that were visited but are more developed. For example, sites like museums have always contained the same thing and the development made is maybe renovation. This has contributed to the loss of revenue in these industries due to the decreased number tourist. On the other hand, the money made is not enough for development, hence delaying the growth of the industry as well as economic growth. Just like other industries, the tourism sector needs to reinvent itself by, for example, building hotel rooms in order to avoid inconvenience of tourist. Learning foreign languages is one of the skills used to create a healthy relationship with tourist. English is the most popularly spoken language worldwide. It is therefore very important to know and understand the language so as to make the communication process easy and more efficient. In this age and era, English has become the most ideal language to use when expressing ones feelings and communicating. Personality theories Tourism can simply be defined as, being away from home for a temporary visit for reasons such as leisure, or business matters. Travel and tourism sector is constantly changing due to issues affective it’s effectiveness in economic growth. People entering this sector need to know the issues affecting the industry, so as to come up with the best solutions that can help in improving the sector. Douglas & Richard discovered that some of the issues affecting the sector are such as, loss of revenue, loss of customers, changing demands, loss of jobs, changes to products and services, additional costs, climate change and development of new markets (158). For a long time, Africa has been an attractive site for tourism due to their preservation of the natural environment and cultural practices. Although this is still the case today, the number of tourists has vastly decreased, and the tourism industry is now losing demand. The world is not what it used to be decades ago. The unpredictable climatic change has also been one of the challenges facing the travel and tourism industry. The most affected sector is the game reserves and national parks. Animals have been dying of floods, drought and other natural calamities. Travel industry has been facing challenges when guiding tourist around this reserves, since it is hard to find where the animals due to their reduced number. Poachers have also contributed to this crisis by killing animals such as elephant so as to get ivory. Weirrmair & Mathias (2004), argue that deforestation and drought have reduced the sizes of forest making the animals move to deeper forest where tourists are not permitted to reach. Some of the additional costs such as, moving animals to, where they can be seen have also become a serious problem facing the travel and tourism industry. Tourism is closely linked with other hospitality industries like travel and leisure, accommodation, transportation, entertainment, food and beverages, among others. These industries are also dominant players in the tourism industry. Since tourism involves movement of people, they can not do so without needing a transport system, food to eat, where to stay and sleep, and other forms of entertainment. These industries offer tight competition to tourism industries. Hotels are the biggest competition as they take the role hosting a tourist, they offer to transport system, food, accommodation, and any other help tourists may need. However, tourism industry is bigger than the hotel industry and more often than not, most tourists companies own hotels that take care of all the above. We can therefore say that the hotel industry is under the tourism industry. Motivation Tourism helps us gain knowledge by experience. We see and experience things in a reality basis. This acts as motivation and a form of relaxation. Tourism also plays a big role in the economy as it gives government revenues through its taxation, offers job opportunities to locals, and enhancement of culture and lifestyle. Tourism is quite a competitive industry since most people enjoy having fun with the heart of to learn new things. The entire globe is wide enough and there is no end to it. There are big airline and hotels that are already in this industry these include American express, Finn air, Virgin Atlantic, among others. The world we live in is changing at an alarming rate as a result of all the new discoveries that have been made over the years. These new discoveries have been aided by the availability of better learning facilities and equipment. These were not available in the early days. As scientists continue to discover and invent new equipment, the world id adapting them and incorporating them in the societies. As a result, the world we are living in is heavily dependent on inventions and machines to carry out tasks. Moreover, as a result of the advanced technology, people are getting more intelligent hence they are able carry out more researches of their own as well as make their own new inventions. This has improved the service quality in tourist sectors. Apart from these employees in these sites need to motivated so as to improve the quality of service to their client’s. In order to enhance employee motivation, there are rewards that are based on performance evaluation. The performance evaluation system in place is enhanced by the consumers. This is because they give their feedbacks on the services rendered to them. This coupled with the results of supervision form the basis upon which employees are evaluated. This amounts to compensation in the form of extra pay amounting to 20% of their regular wage. This ensures that the employees are at their best when serving customers. This leads to increased profits. This is based on the fact that satisfied customers will soon become loyal to the business. Employee motivation is also enhanced through the offs that employees are granted once a week. This ensures that each of them has a break to rejuvenate them. It also ensures that these employees are not overworked. This has been the strategy that has been appreciated by the hardworking team at the tourism sectors. This ensures that they become part of the management process. They are free to put forward their suggestions. All businesses ought to ensure that their employees remain motivated in order to be successful. References Cartier, C & Lew, A 2005, Seductions of place: geographical perspectives on globalization and touristy landscapes, Routledge, New York. Charles, G & Brent, R 2009, Tourism: principles, practices, philosophies, John Wiley & sons, London. Glaesser, D 2006, Crisis management in the tourism industry, Butterworth-Heinemann, New York. Pearce, D & Butler, R 2002, Contemporary issues in tourism development, Routledge, Los Angeles. Sethi P, 1999, Handbook of Sustainable Tourism, Anmol Publications PVT.LTD. Washington DC. Sharpley, R 2006, Travel and tourism, SAGE, London. Sharma, K 1998, New Dimensions in Tourism and H. Industry, Sarup & sons. Swarbrooke, J & Horner, S 2003, Consumer Behavior in Tourism, Butterworth-Heinemann. Toronto. Weirrmair, K & Mathias, C 2004, the tourism and leisure industry: shaping the future, Routledge. New York. Read More