Psychology Essays

His human development psychosocial theory, unlike other theorists of his time, this theory was inclusive of the entire human lifespan into adulthood. The word crisis was used, as a way to describe the internal conflicts linked to stages of development. According to this theory, how a person can resolve a crisis?

The paper illustrated about how different social psychological concepts can be applied to this particular case of Wal-Mart. A Thought Paper about One of these Topics: Stereotype, Discrimination, or Prejudice It is often argued that behavioral attitudes of people are largely influenced by their culture or ethnic background.

Music is considered a favourite activity of human beings as they are impressed by the rhythmical arrangements of composition and vocals. The musical arrangements are known to motivate and sadden humans of several age groups. The gender differences are found to be ineffective in terms of influencing the choices and popularity of the musical genre

According to Maslow’s theory of motivation, motivation is defined with basis placed on inherent features which make it inborn. This is argued in an approach that acknowledges hierarchical levels. Skinner, on the other hand, defines motivation with an approach which is focused on particular things which need to be met.

Usually, these changes do happen in all of the body’s tissues, cells, and organs which affects the functioning of all body systems. Body cells, with aging, become larger and are less able to split and multiply. At this time, there is an increase in pigments and lipids causing loss in their functioning abilities or even functioning unusually

The background to the research was that human beings value social groups and that the body responds in a certain way to protect its social self. While some researchers argued that both physical and psychological stressors can lead to activation of the HPA axis, others argued that the psychological stressors are more pronounced.

The first stage of the experiment partly analyzes many different images at the same time or in parallel time. However, the capability to analyze each image is limited. Stage 2 occurs when individuals become deliberately aware of the images they have seen, where an individual enters the short-term memory, or where they are analyzed in larger detail.

According to the paper ethologists have specifically analyzed different behavioral traits in animals related to mating, feeding, child rearing etc. The relevance of different important ethological approaches to understand the depths of animal behaviour has been frequently explored and a growing body of literature can be found to that effect. Ethology is basically about biological analysis of different kinds of animal behaviour to find out the underlying reasons about why animals behave in a particular manner.

Parents in modern society face concerns that can be irritating. This has been noted to be the reason behind the constantly changing culture of the new generation. It is worth noting that raising children in the current world necessitates the effort and input of both parents more than ever to facilitate success.

Psychologically, an individual has many selves in itself. The self is divided into “I” and “me” where the former part of self is the subject knower while the latter self is the identified object. The “I” part of the self is that is beyond the “me”. The “me” controls and disciplines the “I” to follow the established laws by the community.

It challenges every teacher to search for best practices to suit the needs of the learner, whether slow, average, or advanced. Given the difficulties teachers face including multicultural diversity, learning difficulties, and variation in learning styles, there is nothing more significant than finding a common means to approach the modern learner.

Because this concept has been central to labor relations, it is termed by the concept of emotional labor. The research on this topic has been sporadic and without fully refined theory, thus the topic has gaps within which new research can provide further understanding of the use of emotions within the framework of labor.

Hence it is very important that I, as a counselor, build trust in the minds of each member of the group. I have to keep in mind that each member in my group therapy would most probably be hailing from socio-cultural backgrounds different from each other. And each person in the group also might be having personal characters, beliefs, attitudes and orientation different from each other as well.

Technological developments occur in several fields including health, economy, education, and even in the transportation sector. Drivers for instance need to cope with these technological developments because new vehicles fitted with new gadgets are being manufactured almost on a daily basis. It was manual gear vehicles and today it is automatic gear vehicles.

Friendships, irrespective of the nature have been found to be important whereby individuals are able to derive both short-term and long-term physical, emotional, and psychological benefits (Noller, Feeney, and Peterson, 2001).

According to the essay, there are four main types of child abuse, which include emotional abuse, physical abuse, child neglect and sexual abuse. The author claims that physical abuse is the most visible sign of child abuse. However, emotional abuse, child neglect and sexual abuse also leave a child with deep, long lasting scars.

Sleep Deprivation, Disorders, and Drugs Introduction There are two theories for sleep: recuperation theories of sleep and circadian theories of sleep (Pinel, 2009). Recuperation theories explain why people need sleep, while circadian theories explain when we need to sleep (Pinel, 2009).

The disease of dementia can be categorized into two dimensions: cortical dementia in which the outer layer of the brain is affected which in turn affects the cognitive processing in the person. The other category is of subcortical dementia in which the part of the brain beneath the cortex gets damaged which then impacts the personality traits of the person.

Development is a complex process that involves seven different dimensions. These are the physical, biological, cognitive, social, emotional, personality and spiritual dimensions. This paper looks at the developmental changes on the childhood and adolescent stages by focusing on the effects it has on psychological, social and emotional dimensions.

Introduction ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is a mental condition that initially appears during childhood stage.The affected child demonstrates unusual levels of inattention and hyperactivity. However, one or both of these two symptoms may occur at the same time.The prevalence rate of attention hyperactivity disorder among the children ranges from 3-5% (DuPaul and Stoner 2003).

In the paper different online (internet) and offline (non-internet) sources are explored in order to find out major factors that influence children's perceptions about gender and gender-specific roles. The process of socialization, internalization of information, stereotypes, and gender-specific behaviors is also discussed.

Sage also states that Yalum frames experiences through existence pain which means that in creating choices, the fear that this brings makes many people choose to deny their responsibility for their lives. In the case of Carlos, Yalum discusses a patient who is unwilling to accept his reality and therefore has difficulty reaching out to others as he shrouds his existence in creating the character of himself, rather than living in his truth.

Upon undergoing a closer evaluation, it was found out that nine months earlier he was unusually energetic and euphoric, as during that time he had two part-time jobs in addition to his regular job. However, over the last two months, he had lost twenty pounds, and it is apparent that his up and down periods had also occurred when he was in his early twenties.

Understanding that people tend to deny secondary emotions to the discriminated group explains the behavior but does not make it moral or just. To eliminate or minimize these tendencies, the management should take an active form in “humanizing” the face of the enemy as the first step towards diversity.  

The principles and misconceptions in effective interpersonal communications According to Nie (2001), communication always involves two parties as information is passed from one party (sender) to the other, hence termed as interpersonal. However, for communication to take place effectively, the process has to be subjected to certain principles. 

The extroverts are considered active, easy to interact with others, and outgoing, while the opposite introverts are reserved, thought-oriented, and like being alone. The sensing type personalities trust more data and tangible evidence or facts rather than relying on hunches to make decisions.

Habituation is a form of simple learning in which behavior stops or decreases as a result of repeated exposure to a specific stimulus. This form of simple stimulus learning can occur within any level of the nervous system. Perpetual learning on the other hand involves the acquisition of skills and abilities which last for a lifetime and often employ high cognitive processes.

Information is stored in human memory for varying periods of time; from a few seconds to decades. The most transient memory store is the Sensory Memory which stores sensory data for as few as 3-4 seconds (Robinson-Riegler & Robinson-Riegler, 2008). Information attended to in the sensory memory moves to the short-term memory (STM).

 Hypnotherapy has likely been around as long as human civilization itself.  During that time, this practice has been the brunt of jokes around the office water cooler, credited with solving countless medical conditions, and been fiercely debated in both academic and medical circles.  

The aim is to provide a chance to work toward living a more satisfyingly and resourcefully life. Counselling relationships vary depending on the clients need but may be related to developmental issues, decision making, crisis improving relationships with others, developing personal insights and knowledge, running through feelings of inner conflict.

Understanding ADHD. For such a long time, children who cannot sit still in class, will not stop talking and are often disruptive in class have been labelled as ADD, short for Attention Deficit Disorder. Over time, the word “hyperactivity” was inserted in the term, making it Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder due to the over-activity manifested by several of these children.

The latter means a vector quantity which meant ‘the rate of an object as it changes its velocity’ (Physics Classroom, 2012). Often, when the distance travelled by an object in a freefalling mode increases its time, this is ascertaining that the object is speeding up its fall to the ground.

Plasticity is like the ability of the brain to change because of a particular situation that the person undergoes. Because of a different experience or sensation, the brain neurons form new connections and break some old ones. This is plasticity and if the brain does not exhibit such a characteristic, then it must be fixed.

Forensic psychology is used in criminal investigation to help law enforcement agencies and courts of law to ascertain the real facts in any disputed matter. This includes providing expertise, second opinions and psychotherapy for victims of crime and assesses the mental capabilities of juveniles and adult offenders.

Ivan Pavlov’s experiments with dogs utilized a ringing bell as the neutral stimulus, meat as an unconditioned stimulus along with salivation of the dog as the unconditioned response (Feldman). The unconditioned stimulus (meat) tends to produce the unconditioned response (salivation of the dog) which is the natural reaction to the provided stimulus.

This can be caused by the inability for limb coordination sans external cues or failure to assign rhythmic movement by coupling external signals to motor responses, which affects the consequent coordination of limbs. Unlike bimanual coordination, i.e. coordination of hand movements or feet movements, hand and feet coordination is more complicated.

Erickson’s theory of psychological development describes the eight stages of human development which a healthy human being should go through from birth (infancy) to the late old stage. Erickson argued that in each stage of development, a person confronts and should successfully conquer new challenges in order to avoid conflicts in the future.

Vail (2009) adds that adults are often apathetic when their children tell them about bullying because many parents see it as something that is natural. Many parents were bullied in school at different times and they took the bullying. Because of this many parents think that their children can also get through the bullying.

Previous studies and data indicate that the phenomena of identification through accidental learning show ready behavior imitation of children from adults. Many researchers and authors who have conducted this experiment have ended up with the same results after the experiments. This is convincing evidence that behavior is influenced by factors.

Corporal Punishment Name Subject Teacher Date               Corporal Punishment According to the National Coalition to Abolish Corporal Punishment in Schools, or the NCACPS, the term “corporal punishment” refers to the “physical pain inflicted on the body of a child as a penalty for disapproved behavior” (Dupper & Dingus, 2008).

The author of the paper is of the view that if untreated, the anxiety disorder may be dangerous and may cause impairments and negatively affect one's relationship with peers or his capacity to study and work. In extreme cases, the disorders may cause problems in the performance of routine duties like shopping, playing, and others.

Mr. Michael Smith gave his consent for this mental status examination. Though he appeared at the stated age of 23, he was often repetitive and somewhat fidgety. He was well-groomed and did not display any bizarre attitude or mannerisms. Mr. Smith maintained eye contact all throughout the interview and seemed to relate well with the interviewer.

Grief counseling in groups has proved to be an effective and successful procedure in assisting the transition of bereaved individuals to normal life due to reasons such as the provision of emotional assistance and the establishment of a network of support that constitutes of participants who have gone through similar experiences.

For this paper, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) will be described based on various models and its diagnosis will be presented, as well as its impact on various aspects of the individual. OCD is considered to be an anxiety disorder with DSM-IV code 300.3 from the Axis I disorders of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition.

Criminals of this category are generally termed as mentally disordered offenders and identifying such people and facilitating adequate treatment to them or “diverting them to the mental health system” will go a long way in preventing crimes (p.1). Sex offenders, on the other hand, are criminals who engage in any criminal activities such as rape, sexual assault, incest, defilement of children or “soliciting or importuning” children for the “commission of” any sex offence (The Management of Sex Offenders, 2009, p.6).

Obesity is a serious health condition whereby a person accumulates too much fat to the extent that they may face health challenges (Heshmat, 2011). An obese person normally accumulates farther around their waist and this may reduce their life expectancy in addition to predisposing the victims to various lifestyle diseases.

Priming is a method used to cause activation in spreading activation as a memory improvement method. Spreading activation is a process that activates an aspect of memory, and then other parts of the mind are also activated by the first activation. This gets the mind ready for processing of information.   

Determination is the art of making or arriving at a decision. It is brought about by the willingness to change one's behavior/attitude for the better. The participator seems to have made a decision to come out of her situation and is willing to make a change in her life and she takes steps necessary for the change she wants even when it is most difficult for her.

Nothing is intrinsic about a research design that necessitates a particular data collection method. Though cross-sectional studies apparently equate to questionnaires and participant observation equate to case studies, a researcher can collect design data via any data collection method.

What can phantom limb pain teaches about the human brain? Phantom limbs are legs or arms, for instance, removed in the cause of an accident or by the operation by a surgeon but continue to linger in the minds of the patients indefinitely. In most cases, the patients or people with the phantom limbs experience excruciating and intense pain in the phantom arm, leg, and hand.