Finance & Accounting Essays

The paper delves into different perspectives of regulation of complex financial institutes. One perspective is that intelligent and astute individuals oversee financial regulation, that they are dealing with complex matters, and that enforcement targeted against major financial institutions necessarily is challenging because of the ambiguities of the underlying issues and the high standards of proof required in legal proceedings.

The most valuable trend to analyze would be the Stock Market Prices of PepsiCo Inc. Figures 1 to 13 show the monthly value of PepsiCo Inc. stocks It is summarized below every year to show the annual trend from the year 2000 up to the present. That is, the average price was computed every year and then compared from year to year. 

A business report on the forecasted analysis of “your” company with two products Company Overview Proctor and Gamble is an international company which specializes in personal care products and cleaning agents. The company has origin in the United States but it has subsidiaries all over the world.

This essay will depict the composition underlying the financial statements especially in the accounting and auditing systems of non profit organizations. This is done in order to capture the economic activities for the organization for the past financial year.

The model is based on the notion that not all risks should affect asset prices. Specifically, a risk that can be diversified away when held along with other investments in a portfolio is, in a very real way, not a risk at all (Perold, 2004, 8). Therefore, when investors are faced with a decision on which stock top invest in, they want to know how the stock will contribute to the risk and expected return of their portfolios.

However, the administration was carried out with the cooperation of the Ministry of International Trade (MITI) and Industry and the bank of Japan. MITI also handled licenses related to exports and imports. However, the authority for approving major payments was given to the authorized banks in Japan.

In the wake of global capitalism, multinational companies have mastered the art of aggressive tax planning. Economic experts reckon that in their quest for maximum self-profitability, global multinational giants have ingeniously created tax avoidance mechanisms with help from their professional advisory agencies as well as the mainstream government.

The following is an analysis of investment within Morrison Supermarket Plc. The investment involves ?10,000 in shares between 2008 November and 2012 December. Morrison Supermarket Plc is a retail chain business enterprise that details in the distribution and marketing of food products.

The accuracy and success of EVA is in the fact that the concept considers an operation’s total capital cost, a factor that is not included in other conventional measures. The capital consists of the money tied up in computers, real estate or heavy equipment that is supposed to be productive for a given period after purchase, plus working capital that is mainly in the form of cash, receivables and inventories.

Name: Institution: Professor: Date: Case analysis-El-Con Construction Inc (El-Con) This case is about the different ways through which El-Con can optimize its shareholders wealth. In 2010, El-Con was requesting from Oakville Hydro amount of $450,000 for hydrovac truck and $50,000 to cover its working capital needs.

This research aims to evaluate and present analysis and synopsis of reached objectives such as calculation of ratios, building strategies for tax reduction as well as reduction of costs. The research demonstrates difficulties and challenges that project manager assistant has encountered and work procedures of this position.

In addition,Vodafone is the second largest mobile telecommunications corporation in the world,calculated by both 2011 earnings and subscribers,and as at December 2011,it had 439 million users.

The use of historical information has been adopted by the company in valuing the property, plant, and equipment. The risks and rewards of the PPE have been assumed to pass over to the company (Warren, 2010, p.34). In case of determination of impairment of assets, the management has adopted separate measurement techniques for evaluating the different units.

The firm participates in a venture along with the University of Oxford (Oxford Economics, Organizational Website, 2013). 1.2 Title The journal article under review has the title ‘An Indispensable Relationship: Economic Linkages between the UK and the rest of the European Union’ (Oxford Economics 2009, p.1) covering many aspects of the relationship between UK and EU in terms of economics, such as trade, labour, tourism and FDI.

Finance (Student Name) (Instructor’s Name) (Course Name) 6th May 2012 Introduction National interests entail the objectives and the aspirations of organizations in the international arena. Due to the emerging competition in the global business environment, international firms have embarked on expanding their operations in order to increase their profits as well as face off their competitors.

Modeling and forecasting of volatility have been attributed to increasing uncertainty in financial aspects and components (Day & Lewis, 1993). Oil price fluctuations in the global arena experience significant uncertainties thereby invoking interest among financial and market participants (Kang, Kang, & Yoon, 2009).

The conclusion states that financialization has a key role in the form and the performance of the global financial system. In fact, the specific system has been designed and developed using the rules of financialization, as discussed above. Therefore, the specific concept could be held liable for any failure of the international financial system.

What this implies is the fact that the new media forms have more or less brought into focus the manner and ways under which communication regimes get bolstered and success within the same ranks are brought about. What is even more interesting is the fact that the new media will allow the people a greater role to play, and to interact with the best possible link that they have in their minds, and thus connect as and when they wish so.

It is geared at enhancing employee’s performance and organizational effectiveness and consequently competitive advantage in the labor market. The compensation department is part human resource department as it is concerned with employee base pay and benefits administration.

The operations of the bank have substantial local exposure and the bank conducts it through a network a network of 50 branches and four pay offices. Analyzing the group structure of the bank, Australia’s Macquarie Bank and Malaysia’s RHB Capital Berhad comes as the prominent names. In the financial year 2010, following its strategy of expansion.

In August the US Federal Open Market Committee stated that the Federal Reserve will help stimulate the slow & weak economy by purchasing more Treasuries, using funds from agency debt and mortgage-backed securities.  Buying back Treasuries increases the money supply in the country, which is meant to help loosen credit/lending and encourage spending.

In addition to providing a level of certainty for CRP, this option has proved to be the cheapest option for the company when compared to the interest rate cap and collar options. The table below which is labeled – Table 1 shows the principal repayments scheduled for the $200mn facility provided by Toronto Dominion Bank (TD).

It is worthy to mention that the company started its operation in the year 1987 with it’s headquarter in Hyderabad, India (Business Week, 2005). Frauds Committed by Satyam The company collapsed in 2009 after Mr. B. Ramalinga Raju, the Founder and the then Chairman of Satyam Computer Services Ltd admitted that he had been falsifying the accounts and therefore exaggerating the earnings of the company.

From the author, we learn that these two had very conflicting character traits in that Kearns had learned about business from a very tender age, and as he grew, he acquired business skills that made him prosper. However, he always lived beyond his means which forced him to work even harder to get the money.

“When the price of a stock can be influenced by a ‘herd’ on Wall Street with prices set at the margin by the most emotional person, or the greediest person, or the most depressed person, it is hard to argue that the market always prices rationally. In fact, market prices are frequently nonsensical” (Hagstrom 1999. p. 65).

Accounting standards are developed to enhance financial information provided to relevant and interested stakeholders. This information is basically about entities in which different parties are involved and interested. Parties herein refer to individual and group investors, markets and securities analysts, creditors as well as different entities in that regard.

This ensures that financial resources are allocated effectively towards enhancing economic growth and development. According to Choi (2009), a good financial system initiates a financially stable economy. Financial steadiness is a state whereby the financial intermediation processes works smoothly and there is assurance in the operation of the major institutions of finance and markets within the economy.

Management accounting concerns the provisional use of accounting data by managers within a Corporation or organization. This information provides managers with the ground for making informed business decisions. This information also equips the managers and the management staff with management skills and control functions.

A personal balance is mainly a list of individual assets, liabilities and the network of the individual. The balance sheet indicates the financial position of the individual at a particular time. It contains the assets, the liabilities and network of the individual.

Share buy-back reflects the NEXT firm is maintaining investment momentum but since could not find any investment avenue better than their own share, therefore, this option is undertaken. It is also aimed to increase the demand for its share and thus, with demand remaining constant and supply increasing, it will increase the price of the stock. 

The intention is to get an overview of how the stock has been performing in any direction that the DJI has been taking; if the stock has been following the DJI. The comparison will begin from the 27th of February, 2012 to date as last end of day closing (25th February, 2013).

Despite the myriad technical and legislative challenges facing the implementation of bailout programs, financial institutions are true “too big to fail”, because they maintain global economic stability. However, there is a need for a comprehensive financial regulation reform to curb indiscreet behavior by financial institutions (Park).

Question One Channel stuffing is a business operation where premature shipment of products to various customers and dealers and thus has an effect on sales by inflating it. Managers of various companies’ products increase the value of their sales by forcing extra products through their supply channel.

The aero-engineering is further divided between civil aerospace engineering and defense aero space engineering. In addition to these principal activities, the company also operates in marine and energy market. Answer to Question No. 2 The external independent auditors of the company, KPMG LLP, were appointed as auditor to give an opinion on the financial statements of the company.

Yahoo Finance data show that all the three major indices rose to touch record points ever. The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) rose 8.3% to the end of March; Nasdaq Composite added 5% and S&P 500 recorded 6.9% (Nichols, 2013). For the sake of this paper, the months of March and April will be the main focus, but related information will be before will be analyzed, if necessary.

Many people at strategic business unit level also examine the financial position of a company before joining a company. Other than these users, different regulatory agencies, government often examine the financial statement of firms to understand the financial health and performances of the organisation.

Royal Mail Holdings Plc. has the ownership of Royal Mail Group which offers postal services and delivery of letters under the brand name of Royal Mail and also distributes parcels across the world under the brand name of Parcelforce Worldwide. The Post Office Ltd. and General Logistics Systems are wholly owned subsidiaries of Royal Mail Group.

Considering all sectors of the economy, the financial services sector is one important area that demands a proper sense of responsibility towards society in the plight of financial gains. The financial services area comprises of the economic services provided by the financial institutions in the society for managing the funds of the public for their investments considering the short term and long term gains.

China finally opted for interest rate liberalization in the year 2004, around thirty-six years after the reform process under Deng had started.

Retirees are interested in receiving a stable income that keeps pace with inflation. An investment that facilitates the receipt of an annual return is best since the investor will not have to consider selling shares or bonds in order to pay bills. If I am at retirement age and I have saved ?

Professional accountant Assignment Part 1 a) Comparison of the UK approach to governance with the US approach United States corporations abide by a rules-based approach to corporate governance. Most of them rely on the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002. This law was passed in order to restore public confidence in corporations after their failure to exhibit prudent judgement (International Corporate Governance Network, 2009).

The report is about the Stock Price Evaluation of Crawford and Company, which is a multinational organization providing claim management solutions to the insurance and risk management industry on a global scale. The evaluation of the stock price is based on the data collected from the annual report of the organization and various other authentic sources.

Accounting Theory This report presents a review and discussion related to the different theoretical concepts of accounting in the practical world. The areas discussed in the report include arguments related to the free market perspective with respect to the regulation of accounting and their validity after the recent financial crisis, difference between the assumptions underlying the capital market research and behavioural research and main criticisms of Positive Accounting Theory.

I learned a number of practical aspects of businesses and also faced some challenges. First, I learned how to make and maintain a cash budget in a real business scenario. Here, the most important aspect was the month-end balances and their subsequent conversion into the opening balances of the subsequent months. In addition to that, I faced problems while determining an appropriate costing method.

This bond allows the investors to lend money to the government directly, which is administered directly by the treasury department. They earn a fixed rate of return which implies that they do not fluctuate in value in comparison to other types of bonds. This means that they can be sold back for the full value in addition to any interest the investor has.

A list of objectives and a proper SWOT analysis is also included in the paper in order to help the management in the decision making process. Introduction In real business world, if noticed carefully, it will be found that most of the businesses irrespective of their size and nature are actually the result of partnerships of two or more individuals

A very important way that nowadays many health organizations are following is the Outsourcing of one or more services. Outsourcing may be affected owing to several factors like cost savings or customer satisfaction. For example, health organizations in Greece are found to outsource a variety of activities.

The UK being an individualistic country, the main emphasis is on individual accomplishments. Individuals are expected to be independent . While accomplishing goals, importance is given to oneself. Thus individualism encourages innovation . Individualism leads to long-term growth via incentives to innovate. The prestige is stronger in the case of individualistic countries and their growth is also more.

Redbox is an American company that has its scope of business in the rental of DVDs, Blu-Ray Discs, and also video games using fully automated retail kiosks. Redbox possessed over 33,000 kiosks in over 27,800 locations. Redbox, as a subsidiary of Coinstar Inc., constituted 34.5% market share of discs rented, as of the second quarter 2011.

Toyota Motor Corporation with its 70-year history is able to achieve its objectives regardless of the challenges it faces today. Evidently, the business model of Toyota for the new era is to provide ultimate user experience through its new relationships while realizing that, high-quality services would maximize customer satisfaction and thereby profitability (Toyota Motor Corporation, 2010).