The National Sports Day in Qatar - Research Proposal Example

Research Design Report Introduction The report is about the National sports day in Qatar, since Qatar is the sports capital of the world. The report looks into the various ways that the government can undertake to ensure that every Qatari participates and is proud of the National sports day. The report also looks at the various environmental factors affecting the sports day. The Qatar government seeks to be the sports capital and would like more Qatari people involved in sports and fitness. The report also targets to increase the number of people engaged in sports with regard to the ever increasing population in Qatar. The report also looks at other competitive activities that people engage in other than sports, and their advantages and limitations. The management decision problem is how to increase the level of participation in the National sports day programs among young adults between the ages 19 and 25. The marketing research problem is how to create and increase awareness of the national sports day through aggressive advertising and conducting online surveys in schools and malls among teenagers and gather information concerning youth interests aimed at reaching out to the target audience and increasing the attendance of the sports day. Information to be gathered using primary research: The population of the participants aged between 19 and 25 in the national sports day. 1) The extent to which the national sports day is attended and prioritized by the population. 2) The interests of participation by the population in the event. 3) The likes and dislikes of the sports day by the participants and population in the country. 4) The level or extent of awareness by the population about the event. 5) The level of participation or engagement in the event. 6) The views and opinions of the population regarding the sports day. 7) The frequency of participation by the population of the national sports day. The method of primary research that I recommend using is Questionnaires. This is because they give the respondent complete freedom of response and permit a greater depth of response (Fowler, 2009). They are also easier to administer and simple to formulate. Also, the respondent’s responses may give an insight into his or her feelings, background, hidden motives, interest and decisions (Zikmund, 2003). The research process After identifying the problem, questionnaires are formulated in short; easy and simple words and the objectives to be accomplished are included in the questionnaires. The items and pages in a questionnaire are numbered and a brief and clear instruction is included. Information to be obtained from the questionnaire is analyzed and items stated as positively as possible. The layout of the questionnaire is organized in such a way that it is easy to complete. The questionnaire is unbiased and arranged in a logical order. A sample selection of the population is done and given the questionnaires to fill out in stipulated time duration. The questionnaires are collected later and an analysis is made to report the findings gathered from the population sample and implement the findings. In most cases, a follow up letter is send after a questionnaire has been given out to request the subjects to respond to the questionnaire in a specific deadline date (Saunders, 2003). Sampling Procedure It is an inquiry on only a representative proportion of the entire population. The results of the sample are generalized to represent the entire population. Sampling procedures fall under one of two categories either; probability sampling method or non probability sampling method. Probability sampling method-each population element has a given chance of being chosen for the sample. Non probability-each population element has an unknown chance of being chosen for the sample (Salkind etal, 2007). The population It is the set of all individuals or objects which have a given characteristics for instance, the set of all persons eligible to vote in a given country (Grady, 1991). Sampling frame -It is a complete list of all items of a population under study. Sample procedure-probability sampling method -Random selection of a sample such that each member has an equal chance of being selected. It applies laws of probability and probability distribution. -Random or probability sampling methods include: a) Simple random sampling b) Stratified sampling c) Systematic sampling d) Multi-stage sampling 1) Simple random sampling -It involves the choice of a sample at a random i.e. the unit or members comprising a sample are selected at a random or by chance such that every item of the population has an equal chance of being selected in the sample. Sampling may be with replacement or without replacement (Fowler, 2009). 2) Stratified sampling -Suitable for a universal (population) that is not homogeneous. -Population is divided into homogeneous groups (stratifications) on certain basis such as age, occupation, income etc. -Simple random samples from each subdivision (strata) are collected and combined into a sample (Zikmund, 2003). (3) Systematic sampling The items or individuals of the population are arranged in some way-alphabetically. A random starting point is selected and then every nth number of the population is selected for the sample. (4) Multi-stage sampling -Sampling is done in various stages. -Population is divided into first sampling units which are sampled by simple random sampling. -The selected units are then subdivided into second stage units and sample is selected out of this units. -The selected second stage units are then further subdivided into 3rd stage units and again a sample is selected out of the third stage units (Saunders etal, 2003). Non probability sampling procedure -Selection is on the basis of another criterion other than probability considerations such as expert judgment, convenience etc Non probability sampling methods include: 1. Judgment sampling 2. Quota sampling 3. Convenience sampling (a) Judgment sampling -The choice of sample items depends exclusively on the judgment of the investigator. The investigator exercises his or her judgment on the choice of sample items and includes those items in the sample which he or she thinks are most representative of the population with regard to the characteristics under investigation. (b) Convenience sampling -It involves selecting samples by how easy it is to get a sample for example, standing outside a specific grocery store, collecting data and making general judgments on shopping habits. Sample Size -This is the least required size of the survey. Its objective is to deduce about a population from a sample. The sample size is 70,000 people targeted as the audience. The sample size is determined from the 101,758 young adults between the ages 19 and 25 years. - It is appropriate considering the time of the research, cost and accuracy due to the large numbers involved hence the confidence level is high and the confidence interval is lower giving an accurate number of the sample from the population. Confidence internal and confidence level: Confidence Internal -It is the measurement of the accuracy of a parameter such as a mean or standard deviation. It is used also to describe the degree of uncertainty connected with a sample approximation of a population parameter. Confidence level -It describes the contingency associated with the sampling method. Most researchers prefer to use a 95% confidence level Data analysis methods: Mean -The population mean is a constant and does not change. It is computed by adding all the observations and dividing by the total number of observations to get the average of a sample. -Population mean= ΣX / N (Grady, 1991)    -If the sample size is large and does not include an outlier then the mean is a better measure of central tendency. -The mean can also be determined accurately by using mathematical formulas. -The mean is a very useful application in quality control and hypothesis testing. Median -With the median the observations are arranged from the smallest to the largest and if there is an odd number the middle value of the set from the observations is the median. If there are even numbers in the middle of the set, then their average is the median .The median is a better indicator of the most typical value if the set of scores has an outlier (Fowler, 2009). -The median shows the centre of a given data set and can easily be defined. Standard deviation It is the square root of the variance. Based on sample data, statisticians use simple random sampling to approximate the standard deviation of a population (Zikmund, 2003). It utilizes all the values given and shows an accurate impression of how sample data varies from the mean. The above methods are useful in sampling of data from a given population and give a precision of the calculations based on the time and the cost of the research. A questionnaire is a structured technique designed essentially for the collection of primary data. It is a written series of questions for which the respondents have to provide answers based on their understanding and interpretation of the questions. A questionnaire may be open ended or close ended. An open ended questionnaire refers to questions which give the respondent complete freedom of response while a close ended involves questions accompanied by a list of possible alternatives from which the respondents select the answer that best describes their situation. If a questionnaire is well designed it will motivate the respondents to give complete and accurate information (Fowler, 2009). Questionnaires are used by researchers to collect reliable data to be used in a deductive approach to test an existing theory. I chose to use questionnaires for the primary research since they are easy to construct, short, brief, clear and easy to understand. They also use simple and organized in a logical order which makes it easy for the respondents to respond within the shortest time period. Questionnaires also offer a wide range of responses from the respondents which helps to capture their feelings, interests, decisions and hidden motives while not influencing the outcome of the question by pre determining various responses. Questionnaires also save time and costs involved since they are meant for a stipulated time frame. A follow up letter is essential to ensure that the respondents answer the questions in a timely manner and as fast as possible (Grady, 1991). Appendix A-Gant chart ACTIVITY DURATION EST LST MANPOWER A 6 0 0 3 C 3 0 0 2 D 2 0 0 2 E 2 2 3 1 F 1 3 5 2 G 1 4 5 1 Appendix B The layout of a questionnaire used in primary research. Please answer all the questions provided. 1. Demographic question category -What is the nationality of the participants in the sports day? -What is the ratio of the men to women participation in the sports day? -What is the culture and religion of the participants in the national sports day? -How well distributed are sports in the country? 1. Psychographics category Do the participants wear the necessary equipment during sports? Are some sports engaged in dangerous compared to others? 2. Sports category -What is the hobby of the participants? -What is their favorite position in the sport? -What interests do they have in doing sports? -What are their likes and dislikes in sports? -What do they know about the national sports day? -What else other than sports do they prefer? -Which sport has the majority of participants? -To what extent do the participants engage in sports? 3. Previous national day -Where did they hear about the sports day? -What kind of exercises are they expecting in sports day? -How did they know about the schedule of the event? -Did they participate in last year’s sports day? If yes which event? -What did they like or dislike about the previous sports day? -What increased their awareness of the previous sports day? -What was the participation in the previous sports day? -What did the government do ensure full participation in the previous sports day? NOTE: The respondents are required to answer all the questions to the best of their ability and submit the questionnaire in a timely manner as possible. Multiple Questions How old are the participants involved in the national sports day? (a) 15 years and below (b) Between 15 and 20 years (c) Above 20 years How well do they perform in sports? (a) Below average (b) Average (c) Above average What is the gender of the participants in the national sports day? (a) Male (b) Female How many times do they do sports in a week? (a) Less than 3 days (b) Between 3 and 5 days (c) More than 5 days How many languages do they speak? (a) One (b) Two (c) More than two Is there an age limitation in doing sports? (a) Yes (b) No Have the participants ever been injured while doing sports? (a) Yes (b) No Sample Size Calculator Top of Form Determine Sample Size Confidence Level: 95% 99% Confidence Interval: Population:           Sample size needed: Bottom of Form Top of Form Find Confidence Interval Confidence Level: 95% 99% Sample Size: Population: Percentage:           Confidence Interval: Bottom of Form References Fowler, F. J. (2009). Survey research methods (4th ed.). Los Angeles (i.e. Thousand Oaks, Calif.): SAGE Publications. Grady, M. L. (1991). Primary care research: theory and methods : conference proceedings. Rockville, MD: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Health Care Policy and Research. Salkind, N. J., & Rasmussen, K. (2007). Encyclopedia of measurement and statistics. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE Publications. Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2003). Research methods for business students (3rd ed.). Harlow, England: Prentice Hall. Zikmund, W. G. (2003). Business research methods (7th ed.). Mason, OH: Thomson/South- Western. WELCOME TO Qatar Statistics Authority WEBSITE :.. Retrieved October 5, 2012, from http://www.qsa.gov.qa/eng/index.htm Read More