The Navier-Stokes Equations - Assignment Example

There is a need to have turbulence flow because it assumes particles moving from outer layers to inner layers. In laminar flow, this is not possible. Discuss why turbulence models are necessary by analyzing vortices' scale in fluid flow and computers' required capacity. Use of eddies at a small scale presents the reduced need for calculation and translating to overall improvement. Obtaining a transit solution does not give LES any difficulty as the lack of averaged parameters is eliminated (Bullen, 1978; Wakatsuki, 2001).

A rise of 100mm in diameter is provided to a building to facilitate firefighting. The inlet of the riser is 1m above ground level. The outlet of the riser is 21m above the ground level. A hose of 45m in length and 80mm in diameter is connected to the riser's outlet and horizontally laid on the floor. The hose has the same height as the riser outlet, and its nozzle is open. Explain the burning of wood (pyrolysis process, charring, flaming, and heat transfer process should be discussed). A timber beam is ignited in a compartment fire.

After the beam burns for a period of time, a layer of char is formed on the beam's surface, using the principle of heat transfer, explain how this layer of char affects the burning of the shaft. Usually, materials like wood are said to burn indirectly whereby the materials not actually to burn. Still, combustion will tend to occur when there is a reaction between oxygen and the wood's gases. When wood is subjected to a high level of heat wood produces highly reactive substances with oxygen, this results in the high propensity of wood igniting and burning.

Usually, the ignition and combustion of the wood front of pyrolysis of cellulose (the major component of wood) and the reaction of this process's products with oxygen and other gases in the air. After the pyrolysis of cellulose, as a result, the high-temperature exposure, the decomposition products may stay inside the wood or maybe released as gaseous materials.