Psychology Essays

Leitmotif is the thought that despite environmentally responsible behavior has a great value for a society in general, they are individuals (or groups of individuals) who make a real contribution performing a particular behavior from day today. Therefore, James (2010) says, one of the successful ways to promote sustainable behavior is to make issues personal, involving a feeling of personal experience.

Self-assessment can be described as the procedure a person evaluates himself/herself with a motive of examining the aspects which are significant to one's identity as well as those which are not important. The process of self-assessment prompts individuals to look for information to ascertain their indeterminate self-concept rather than their assured self-concept.   

This essay discusses that jury deliberations also present the system with more problems. A very prominent criticism lies in the role of the foreman, who is chosen immediately by a group of strangers. The foreperson, chosen because of experience or sometimes, just mere charisma, brings with him or her all his personal biases and beliefs.

This essay discusses that sibling relationships are dynamic and changes occur at every stage of growth right from infancy. Siblings play important role in specializing each other’s social, cognitive and emotional development. Most siblings experience conflicts, but as they grow up, these conflicts are resolved.

The first stage in the model underscores the primacy of automatic detection. During the second stage, the semantic analysis of the stimuli begins, and, though processing may be undertaken subconsciously, there is a possibility that the person involved is aware of the products. Furthermore, the third stage supports the second with its predictive inferencing.

Taylor utilized the elements of time as well as motion studies to break down management into simple and manageable chunks, thereby providing a better way for the manager or worker to execute these chunks. The basis of such division depended on several considerations including aspects such as the time required to complete a task.

Although scientists and experts endeavored on these advancements to ease the human life, however, it is an observation that the more the technologies have come in human life, the more human life has become complicated. In this complexity, stress has become one of the most common consequences that are affecting human lives in an adverse manner.

As the discussion stresses, variola virus existed in several forms, the more commonly found variola major and variola minor and the rarer forms, the hemorrhagic and malignant forms. The incubation period of smallpox is from 7-17 days. During this period, there are no symptoms shown in the infected person and do not shed virus. 

The BarOn Emotional Quotient Inventory that preceded it was another testing product that was at the forefront of the EI movement. But it should be noted that since EI testing is far more qualitative than IQ tests, there is no consensus among psychologists as to what parameters should be measured and how they should be measured. 

Researchers who have studied human thought and behavior have long been interested in how language shapes the human thought process.  Researchers have investigated these phenomena by observing how people who speak different languages perceive color.  They wanted to discover any correlation between language and thought.

Disparate treatment based on racism and gender inequality, fragmentation of American public authority, and lack of government interest in fighting the paradox of poverty, and lack of public support are some of the major problems of the American welfare system. The world’s most medically advanced nation has a higher infant mortality rate.

In Today’s world, such acts are highly punishable by the courts of law. For us to stay away from these experiences we must follow the rules of our work and ensure that we are not harassed by anybody without reflecting on the general laws. There are certain rectifications that out to be made to provide good working conditions.

There are many writing disorders and some of them are due to lack of motor control. They include the inability to write letters and not numbers, the ability to write only consonants, and the inability to place numbers in an orderly fashion especially on the page. Many regions of the brain are involved in writing.

Social cognitive theory is established on the premise, humans learn by observing what fellow humans do or may not do. And whereas the proponents of this theory are in agreement that there is a considerable degree of development created by learned behavior exhibited in the surrounding within which one is brought up, they also hold that an individual is equally critical in influencing his or her moral development.

A number of studies have been carried out on parents and strictness, including a recent exploration of the relationship between teenage drinking behavior and parental strictness levels (Aubrey, 2010). Researchers at Brigham Young University found that children whose parents are indulgent and easy-going tend.

According to the study conducted in the US, it was found that attitudes towards aging moderate this relationship, in particular, feeling old predict lower well-being between those with less favorable attitudes towards older age except those with more favorable aging attitudes. Leaving the youthful stage is not easy.

The impacts of the mind-body connection that help us learn are countless in the sense that, all that is done is because of the connection that takes place between the mind and the body including aging (Nordstrom & Mertz, 2006).  Additionally, the mind-body connection is very vital for humans’ well-being as its failure can result in an enormous decline in body or brain functions.

A wide spectrum of disorders affected the patients' psychological well-being, and specialized psychiatric attention may be needed in the diagnosis. Generally, the diagnosis procedure aims to determine the severity of the condition and find out if there is a pathological manifestation for specialized psychiatric intervention.

The examples they mentioned are alcoholics who are seeking help from Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and other treatments that offer 12-steps of escaping substance addictions. These people used spirituality to find meaning in their life which gave them hope to cope with their depression and continue their treatment.

She entered into the field of athletics after showing great capability throughout her junior and senior education. With encouragement from her parents and teachers, she decided to venture into the athletics field (Welnberg and Gould 248). Although she seems to possess great potential, her performance does not indicate her full potential.

Each individual has his or her own unique qualities and not everything may be likable to everyone. In counseling or therapy sessions, such biases may creep up and affect the counseling relationship between the counselor/ therapist and the client or patient especially if the client possesses some qualities that trigger the counselor’s own prejudices. 

Political psychology as an area in both political science and psychology attempts to merge the interdependence between the two disciplines to analyze both old and contemporary issues in politics. Political psychology analyzes the motivating factors for people to act in a given way to produce results that have political significance.

The effects of bullying vary depending upon the age and setup in which the victim is bullied. Generally, bullying experienced during childhood has more negative implications on the emotional and psychological development and health of an individual as compared to bullying experienced at later stages in life.

Not only human beings but animals also face aggression in their life. It is such behavior, which intends to injure the other party. In other words, it can be said that aggression is the presentation of an aversive stimulus to a victim, which is usually unwilling. Aggression has two main types that are hostile aggression and instrumental aggression (Bernstein, 2010).

PTSD affects intimacy, parenting, and caregivers with different impacts being felt by different persons depending on emotional attachment variables. It would therefore be expected that spouses and children would experience the highest emotional and financial burden than a house help or members of the extended family (Boxer et al, 1996).

Nicotine is treated in a similar manner by providing nicotine through alternate means until the individual stops associating the effects of nicotine with the act of smoking. The dose of nicotine is then slowly reduced until the brain adjusts to lower and lower levels of the drug and finally achieve pre-addiction responses.

These children have significantly low academic performance as their requirements are not addressed properly. All the five fingers are not equal, so is every individual on this planet. The mental calibre of every child is not the same, so to make a low performing child better in academia and studies, the rectification of his needs and wants along with learning deficiency should be fulfilled.

Early childhood is the period from birth to eight years. In this stage, the child is actively growing both physically and intellectually. The major development task in early childhood is the development of various foundational skills where, by the time the child is three years old the height doubles, weight quadruple, and has mustered a number of skills.

Erikson’s eight-stage psychological development model can be used to assess the past life experiences of an individual. Each stage is associated with either positive or negative development outcomes. Positive outcomes lead to more satisfaction with life and better outcomes in the next development stage.

According to Trayner Corporation (2003), “those who are strong in Dominance (high D’s) like to take action to achieve the results they desire; those who are strong in Influence (high I’s) seek contact with all types of people and look for opportunities to generate enthusiasm from those around them.”

The mere choice of only wearing a uniform to school improves students’ social environment in school, discouraging the need to wear ‘cool’ clothes in order to fit in. Wearing a school uniform even decreases the chances of students joining gangs or engaging in violence or crimes.

Information reception, storage, and maintenance are highly influenced by background conversations at the time information are being absorbed; say when reading or studying. Speech and/or music in the background affect memorization or the extent to which an individual can remember what he/she has read or studied.

In this regard, how can a person tame their tongue to be tuned to match the numerous accents available all over the world? This is a very difficult phenomenon because even amongst our same, we may pronounce words differently. More so, this is just like the various biological differences that vary from person to person, yet they do not make any of us superior to the other.

According to Sigmund Freud, human beings are under control of the id, the ego, and the superego that controls the desires and satisfaction. Civilization and its discontents (Freud) largely dwells on the superego, ego, and the id nature of humankind that mainly aims at benefiting one's desires but fails to protect the surrounding environment (Heffner). 

I have had a number of experiences with people using the Ego’s defense mechanisms such as a friend of mine. Whenever he is annoyed, he is always pushed into unconsciousness and he normally try to forget the cause of anxiety. He does not always want to talk about the issue or even engaging in activities that may remind him of the source of anxiety.  

Sexual offenses have been increasing in the last few years, it has now become both a social and a health problem; a social problem because of the challenges that face a society with such offender in terms of security and relationships, and a health problem because of the medical complications that the victims face (Barbaree & Marshall, 2008, p176).

Autism is a collection of disorders in brain development that are all together referred to as autism spectrum disorder. The term spectrum is used to encompass the variety in which the disease presents itself. This can be the symptoms, skill level of the patient, the impairment level, or the disability shown by children suffering from autism spectrum disorder.

This relates to the development of a person. According to Freud, it is evident that he tries to explain why persons behave in various ways during their young ages. Oral stage: At this stage, Freud explains that children experience the world through their mouths as adults experience the same through actions such as nail biting and overreacting.

Online social networks were used to recruit participants who were then selected at random. Residency within the locality of the study was the inclusion criteria to facilitate access during data collection. Participants were then contacted on phone, the scope of the study explained to them, and an appointment made for data collection.

The test on the subject between variables on the density versus gender shows that there they are not related at all. This is shown by the F value which is less than 0.05. The research findings are in line with the literature (Dovidio1982) whereby the females were more likely to get help as compared to the males. 

Even though acute and corresponding chronic stress is the renowned risk factor for myocardial infarction and abrupt cardiac death, the presence of the causal connection has been perceived with skepticism. Nevertheless, an escalating body of evidence confirms a connection though the mechanisms remain indeterminate.

This paper illustrates that cognitive psychology evaluates how mankind acquires and applies the knowledge and/or information in their day to day activities. Cognitive psychology is closely affiliated to the interdisciplinary cognitive science and also influenced by artificial intelligence, computer science, anthropology, biology, physics, and neuroscience.

The study hypothesized that the perception of animals as dangerous and harmful would be significantly related to fear of the specified animals. After undertaking the correlation the most significant relationship was found between fear, harmlessness, and strangeness. This means that very ugly and harmful animals elicited more fear.

The independent variable of our experiment is the syntactic complexity of the sentences, and the dependent variable is the accuracy of response to a question. Therefore, the hypothesis is that the sentences with fewer transformations will result in subjects recalling better than those with more transformations, and will decrease subject’s reaction time.

The victim may avoid making major decisions, such as switching careers and other vital decisions that may tend to be highly stressful. Such decisions may worsen the victim's situation or even add more problems because of their consequences. The victim needs also to find enough time for adjustment to the situation.

Creation of a positive attitude towards the subject can improve understanding in students. Studies have shown there is a relationship between emotions and learning. Students tend to learn better when they are in a good mental state about themselves and have a positive attitude towards the subject. The same applies to the teachers.

Less agreeable people have better relationships with other people in society, show high levels of happiness and maintain poor relationships. They mostly end up having better careers, especially because they strive to win the support of other people as most people consider their personality as rather unpleasant (Hofstede and Robert 55).

Sleeping disorder is a form of medical disorder affecting mental, physical as well as emotional functioning. It is associated with inappropriate sleeping patterns as for instance, failure to falling or continuing with the sleep, feeling of sleepiness at inappropriate times, excessive sleep period, projection of abnormal behaviour during periods of sleep and many more.

Personality is a representation of distinctions and attributes that make up and influence human thought and behavior. But it is such a complicated topic that a simple definition does not justify its richness therefore researchers and psychologists have developed parameters and explanations to give an accurate understanding of these distinctions within a personality.

Imagine one hanging out with friends after a long busy week. One is just enjoying themselves with talks, games, and some drinks. One enjoys themselves for several hours after realizing that it is a bit late for them to get home. They understand that one has been there for some hours taking drinks, but none of them show any sign of being drunk.