Finance & Accounting Essays

The paper 'IMF and EU policy Responses to Greece Economic Crisis" is a perfect example of a finance and accounting case study. Prior to Greece economic crisis, which started on the fall of 2008, the government of Greece accessed substantial loan from abroad to fund the current account deficits and the budget. Between 2001 and 2008, Greece economy recorded a robust performance of 5 percent compared to other Eurozone economies which struggled at a paltry 2 percent.

The paper 'International Institutions Help or Hindrance to Economic Recovery in Greece" is a perfect example of a finance and accounting case study. Globalization has helped in generation of unprecedented stages of financial risk and growth. In this case, financial markets opened up allowing firms and governments to invest freely. However, due to growth in global finance, it grew into being complex.

It is essential to state that the paper "Comparing Australia and the USA - Pension Accounting Standards " is a perfect example of a finance and accounting case study. As they have developed, Pension Accounting Standards in Australia and the USA have been at the centre of political and social debate.

The paper "Analysis of Global Financial Crises " is a perfect example of a finance and accounting assignment. A global financial crisis is not a new thing in the world of economy. The economical world crises have been brewing for some time now. The first great economic depression was experienced in the United States of America in 1929 (Volkan 2008).

The paper "Financial Services and Market Sector Regulation in Australia" is a good example of a finance and accounting case study. With the recent economic downturn experienced at present, many governments are establishing policies and regulations to govern the financial services and markets sectors (Robinson, 2009).

The paper "Obligations of Issuers" is a great example of a finance and accounting coursework. Under the Securities Act 1978(the act) the Issuers have the following obligations; firstly under section 51, they ought to keep a register of the securities. These securities are deemed to consist of equity securities, debenture stock, participatory securities, unit trusts, all interests in superannuation schemes and life insurance policies.

The paper 'Causes of the Global Financial Crisis of 2008" is a great example of a finance and accounting case study. The financial crisis, especially the credit risk in the banking sector is not a new phenomenon. The past financial panics and disasters, most notable, the Wall Street Crash in 1929, OPEC oil crisis of 1973, Black Monday in 1987.

The paper "Main Costs and Benefits of the Financial Sector of the UK" is a perfect example of a finance and accounting case study. The financial sector of the UK is comprised of banks, credit unions, credit card companies, insurance companies, consumer finance companies, stock brokerages, real estate funds, investment funds and accountancy companies among other firms.

The paper "Does Return on Investments Matter?" is a good example of a finance and accounting coursework. Investment in business means putting up funds in an asset or a fund with the hope of earning some monetary return in the future. These returns can be in the form of capital appreciation, dividends and also interest among other forms of monetary returns.

The paper "Merchant Banking in Canada" is a good example of a finance and accounting case study. Small businesses have benefited from the growth in merchant banking in Canada. They are established to help in managing businesses finances and at the same time simplify the business planning process.

The lack of the scrutiny in the U.S. financial institutions caused the asset securitisation crisis not only in the U.S., but it has also affected the entire world economy. Moreover, the experienced gained by the U.S. banks because of asset securitisation crisis, offer great learning opportunities to the financial institutions in the other economies

In a capitalist society, investors have immense power. Their decisions, however, are based on the amount and quality of information they possess. Therefore we can say that information sharing plays a central role in today’s world. There are many organizations and set of principles which ensure that information is available to all stakeholders. 

It is evident that BMS performs efficiently, manages its risks well, enjoys profitability, and is exceptionally well-positioned to take advantage of the coming recovery. The foregoing price chart shows the market price of the stock being defensively strong, showing the preservation of the value of stakeholders’ interest in the Company.

The book value of a company indicates the total assets less intangible assets. This ratio helps us to understand where the company is undervalued or overvalued. At present, the ratio is less than one so the share is undervalued; it can be said with the passage of time, the market value of the share will increase and the investor will be benefited. 

Whatever the future may hold for the Euro and the EU, it can always count on two factors at play. First, the innate dynamics of the European integration process have been active throughout and will remain functional in a positive direction. One good instance is the Intergovernmental Conference currently being held to elaborate on the details of the new Reform Treaty for the European Union.

The crisis revealed the presence of a huge amount of Off-Balance Sheet entities. The OBSEs enable the financial institutions to shift the risk of the Balance Sheet thus making it undisclosed to the investors and the regulators. Such entities granted credit beyond their limit. The securitization further provided a surplus capital to the banks. 

Organic growth means that growth which leads to the expansion of business on its own. On the other side, acquisition refers to the process by which an organization expands its business by acquiring some other company of its interests. By expanding the business on its own, the organizations have better control over their operations. 

Many gasoline consumers are adopting discretionary spending habits to reduce the financial burden of increased gasoline price. “Sixty-three per cent say they have felt the need to reduce their personal discretionary spending as a result of the rise in energy prices”. The students are the worst affected by their constrained budgets. 

Financial institutions worldwide have been affected by the adverse market environment created by the US subprime fiasco. Trouble began when the financial companies started relying too much on the innovation in the blind faith that it will yield returns. The banking industry has suffered the most due to the current meltdown. 

The paper 'Financial Management Approaches " is a great example of a finance and accounting assignment. A budget refers to a detailed quantitatively expressed plan of action regarding the forthcoming accounting or financial period. In other words, it is a plan of what the company is aiming to achieve and the targets it has set to monitor the achievement of the desired goals.

David Ricardo also analyzed that if the look in the absolute terms then the free trade is much better for the global economy as compared to the restricted economy. He deduced that the Gross product in terms of the quantity will be much higher in the case of free trade. His theory could be explained with the help of the following hypothetical example.

Comparatively speaking, the cash basis of accounting has the advantage of being the easier method of the two. The cash basis of accounting makes it convenient to keep a record on the single entry system, which is not there on the accrual basis of accounting. Taxes are calculated and paid only on the basis of revenue received during the tax year. 

People from all income levels can create their financial future through financial planning. Life is a never-ending struggle and at the end of our battle against time, one deserves to enjoy it without any financial worries. 30 years ago working professionals had confidence that the companies they work for would take care of their retirements needs. 

The author states that while the former demand the right to depict Japan’s wartime record more accurately and critically, the latter, often referred to as nationalists, favor more control and a reduction for details pertaining to Japan’s wartime transgressions. The media often depict the debate as a struggle between Japan and the rest of the world.

If McDonald's had introduced a new product for children with heavy advertising on TV, print, and billboards, the number of children coming in to buy this product should be tracked and maybe research could be conducted on some of them to see if they were there because they were attracted by the advertisements (McDonald's, 2008).

Regression analysis studies the relationship between one dependent and one or more independent variables. The independent variables are otherwise referred to as explanatory variables. (Anderson et al., 2005). The occurrence of the dependent variable is contingent upon the occurrence of the independent variable. 

The paper "Recent Instances in Australia of Margin Lending Disaster " is a great example of a finance and accounting case study. In terms of margin lending, one of the many investments funds in Australia is classified as managed funds. The client, Tony Bradfield is 47 years of age and wants to invest exactly $100,000 in a Managed Fund.

This paper was able to establish that high sales growth could result in insolvency if revenues mostly come from credit sales and there is a poor collection. It was established that revenues or even profit are not the same as cash. A company could even have plenty of cash yet it is losing in business.

Rousse (2008) urges that when costs of capital differ between projects it is found out that the MIRR does not have a capacity to rank projects consistently with the PI and the NPV. As the cost of capital likely to remain different for different projects and due to this reason, this drawback of MIRR can reduce the importance of the project. 

Sustainability reporting serves as a guide for what areas incorporate practice corporations need to develop or be involved in to be considered as a ‘good’ corporation. It serves as the standard that must be reached in order to gain public approval. For the consumer, it becomes the basis of their patronage and support. 

The author states that it has recently overtaken the USA as the most popular country for foreign direct investment. “China’s need for capital, raw materials, high technology, and modern management skills has opened a range of opportunities for foreign investors”. The government has been continuously taking measures for stimulating domestic demand.

The Association of Rugby is willing to purchase a machine for its Treatment Center in order to offer a specialized therapy to the athletes that have suffered an injury. Because this machine is going to be used by the teams that are members of the Association by paying a specific amount as an indicative offer to the Association for this type of support

Traditionally, the level at which employees’ rights are secured is depended on the potentials of employees to join a trade union. Moreover, in countries that face severe financial pressures, problems and delays are likely to appear in various sectors, including industrial relations. In the UK, no such case seems to exist. 

The paper 'Global Banking Strategies" is a perfect example of a finance and accounting case study. After the financial crisis, there was a trend that saw many banks use re-localization strategies. Many of the major banks disposed of their international assets with the aim of satisfying higher capital investments, respond to regulatory complexities.

After almost four decades of reassessing and reconciling the different conditions of an optimum currency area, empirical data has finally surfaced to back up Mundell’s theory, with only a few additions. The conditions of an optimum currency area, as it is employed today are as follows: (1) Price and Wage Flexibility, (2) Labour Market Integration. 

The movement started on 17th September in Zuccotti Park with almost a thousand participants. One of the key functions of the Occupy Wall Street movement is to protest against the government and political system that has allowed wealthy people to become richer and the poor to get poorer. 

The paper "Role of Financial Analyst in the Banking Industry" is a perfect example of a finance and accounting capstone project. The main focus of the paper is the role of a financial analyst in the banking industry. For this purpose, support from a variety of secondary sources was obtained. In order to gain fresh and first-hand knowledge, personal interviews were conducted, mainly targeting the financial analysts gathering data of their activities.

Additionally, it is claimed that accounting is a language used in communicating information to individuals. Accounting is considered to be a profession and an intellectual discipline. Accounting, moreover, can be described as a socially constructed discipline that is practiced by people and influences relationships and workings in the society.

The exchange rate is affected by factors that are associated with the export/import status of a country. Currently, the euro has stood on the lesser ground than the UK pound. Therefore, tourism into the rest of Europe is favorable to UK consumers. The following study will attempt to show that the currency exchange rate has an effect on UK travel consumerism.

The credit card laws greatly benefited credit card users since it enacted regulations to guide interest rates. The Credit Card Accountability, Responsibility, and Disclosure Act, which was enacted in 2009, had an implication on customers and lenders. Before enactment of the credit law, complaints such as retroactive rate increases were common.

The author states that pay for performance programs seek the same objectives. In such programs, monetary rewards are given out as a means of appreciation and motivation to those employees who perform well. Pay incentives for performance in not a new phenomenon as it can be dated back to the Napoleon era.

Theories and practices in corporate finance have been changing since the early 1950s. From the previous normative approach to the now positive approach, these theories and practices have been used to examine the causes and reasons for investor reactions to corporate decisions in relation to their financial and investment decisions.

According to my observations, the University is committed to minimizing energy use, energy costs, the depletion of fossil fuels and carbon emissions. The University has a monitoring system that monitors each department’s water and energy use so in order to maintain the energy budget. The new buildings are energy saving.

Universal Banking movement holds an essential position as far as financial institutions of a country is concerned. Universal Banking is mainly done by huge banks. As they provide a huge sum of finance to various companies, it becomes more likely that they become part of a company’s Corporate Governance.

The PWC should consider the significance of using statistics of the balance of payments. The balance of payments would offer support to the PWC management in numerous ways. The statistics of balance payments should be used to determine the current level of import and export for designing their financial and advisory services. 

This particular circumstance has led to the occurrence and existence of the gap between the profits stated for financial purposes and the amount of tax actually paid. There still exists no clear outline as to how to extend this is an indicator of avoidance activity is actually tied up with the vexing question of what amounts to tax avoidance and the extent to which tax avoidance is undesirable and unacceptable in general.

A lot of users think that operating leases provide an increase in assets and liabilities that should be established in the financial statements of lessees. Users regularly adjust the recognized quantities in an effort to distinguish those assets and liabilities and reflect the outcome of lease agreements in the form of income or expenses.

The paper "Joanna Cohen’s WAAC Calculation" is an outstanding example of a finance and accounting assignment. The weighted average of capital or WACC was found as 8.3% by Cohen. The method used was the capital asset pricing model or CAPM. There is disagreement on the method used by Cohen. The reason for that book value was used for both debt and equity.

The paper "Evaluation of Financial Lending to a Public Listed Company by a Bank" is a good example of a finance and accounting coursework. I have selected Astec Industries, a public listed company dealing in construction, and retrieved its financial statements including the Income Statements, Balance Sheets and Cashflow Statements both annually for the last three years and quarterly financial statements for the last trading period which ended on December 2009.

The paper "Caltex Australia Limited Financial Markets" is a perfect example of a finance and accounting case study. Caltex Australia Limited deals with oil refinery as well as the marketing group and has about 30% market share. It has two refineries which are situated within Queensland and NSW, in addition to several distribution points all over Australia.