Fire Safety Strategy - Speech or Presentation Example

Fire Safety Strategy Name Institution Name Date Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 3 2.0 Phase 1: Pressure Hull and Module Construction 4 2.1 Introduction 4 2.2 Risk Assessment 5 2.3 Prevention Measures 6 2.4 Detection and alarm systems 6 2.5 Escape Provisions 7 2.6 Assets Protection Measures 7 2.7 Means of extinguishment 7 3.0 Phase 2: Module Shipping, Services Routing, and Externals Construction 8 3.1 Introduction 8 3.2 Risk Assessment 9 3.3 Prevention Measures 9 3.4 Detection and Alarm Systems 10 3.5 Escape Provisions 10 3.6 Assets Protection Measures 10 3.7 Means of extinguishment 11 4.0 Phase 3: Section Assembly, Services Connection, and Outfitting 11 4.1 Introduction 11 4.2 Risk Assessment 12 4.3 Prevention Measures 13 4.4 Detection and Alarm Systems 13 4.5 Escape Provisions 13 4.6 Asset Protection Measures 14 4.7 Means of Extinguishment 14 5.0 Phase 4: Boat Launch and Snagging 14 5.1 Introduction 14 5.2 Risk Assessment 15 5.2 Prevention Measures 16 5.3 Detection and Alarm Systems 16 5.4 Escape Provisions 16 5.5 Assets Protection Measures 16 5.6 Means of Extinguishment 16 6.0 Conclusion 17 7.0 References 17 Table of Figures Figure 1 Construction Site GA 4 Figure 2: Phase 1 5 Figure 3: Phase 2 8 Figure 4: Phase 3 11 Figure 5: Phase 4 15 1.0 Introduction The Fire Strategy incorporates four phases. Each phase will have huge features and requirements that have to be accomplished. The construction site GA will house five Thrifty Class boats. The cost of construction of one unit is estimated at £960,000,000. The Fire Strategy employs the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 (RRFSO), other UK legislations and international legislations that govern ship building. Some of the components that are discussed at each of the phases include prevention measures, detection and alarm systems, escape provisions, asset protection measures and means of extinguishment. However, it is important to note that there are no specific standards and codes that guide fire safety in submarine construction. In normal shipbuilding and fire safety, some of the guiding standards are indicated in the ADB, BS9999 SOLAS A60 NFPA 101 and others. Therefore, information will be collected from these guidelines, standards, codes, and others to create a submarine fire safety report. The following image shows the site. Figure 1 Construction Site GA 2.0 Phase 1: Pressure Hull and Module Construction 2.1 Introduction The pressure hull and module are constructed. The pressure hull is responsible to protect external water pressure when the submarine is in operational. The spaces during the construction period are small, and many hot works take place [1]. In addition, gasses can be produced during the period, which may affect the entire construction. The section is made of four compartments. The Aft and Fwd have curved ends, which forms the front and end of the submarine parts. The middle parts, which are RC and Mid to accommodate the people and other accessories that are important for the use of the submarine [13]. The risk assessment table presents the hazards and partial discussion of these hazards. The following summaries the phase 1: Figure 2: Phase 1 2.2 Risk Assessment Operations Characteristics of failure NO Operation Failure mode Causes of failure Effects of failure 1 Confined space operations Accidents associated with congestion Congestion within a small space The employees can get injured easily resulting in spoilage of the asset 2 Welding processes Fires and burns Excessive heat that exceeds 2040 is produced Scalding and burning of the employees. It can affect the quality of construction 3 Allied Processes Inappropriate use of tools and techniques Activities that take place include flame heating, brazing, torch cutting, welding, and carbon arc gouging Scalding and burning of the employees. It can affect the quality of construction and destroy the asset 4 Spark producing operations Inappropriate use of tools and techniques The activities include abrasive blasting, drilling, and grinding Scalding and burning of the employees. It can affect the quality of construction and destroy the asset 2.3 Prevention Measures Occupational safety and health standards should be capitalized during the entire construction. Firewatchers can be strategically placed during the construction to report any incidents of smoke or fire: the firewatchers should be trained and specialized in accomplishing their respective duties [2]. The employees should understand their roles and responsibilities, and should have the techniques and skills for specific works. The employees are supposed to know how to use the equipment. Combustion materials within the vicinity of the hot works should be removed [14]. 2.4 Detection and alarm systems Firewatchers are important during this period. The employees have to be experienced to be able to detect any fire-related problem that may arise. Moreover, monitoring after 30 minutes after hot works to determine the hot works were completed, and fire incidents are avoided. The firewatchers are supposed to have loud speakers and other communication devices to alert when fire incidents are witnessed. In addition, wireless smoke detection and fire detection will be used to address any fire or related incidences and the recommended technology is Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum Technology (FHSST). 2.5 Escape Provisions1 The modules are open sided. It provides avenues in which the employees can escape. The route should be light, and debris should not be on the way. In addition, the firewatchers should have an understanding of the routes to guide the employees and other personnel to safety. Signs both visible and audible should be in place to guide the people to safety [15]. A safe place should be located in which people are supposed to present themselves for record checking purposes. The pressure hull construction will have approximately six exit points. One exit point in the Aft, RC section has two exits; Mid has two exits while Fwd has one exit. These exist are based on the construction nature of the pressure hull. If there are more than 50 people in the ship, additional excavation holes will be drilled in the hull. 2.6 Assets Protection Measures The equipment, the already completed sections, and the employees, are integral to the success of the project. The employees should have protective gear and have an understanding when it comes to first aid and safety measures [3]. Onsite fire fighting and first aid should be encouraged to ensure the assets are safe. Daily reporting and update are crucial to determining the position of the employees, the condition of the equipment and the general construction of the submarine. Within the construction site, combustible materials should be removed or kept according to the standards and guidelines associated with the products [16]. 2.7 Means of extinguishment Appropriate fire fighting equipment should be availed. Some of the appropriate fire fightings that are different from the submarine operation allocation includes clean agent fire suppressor system and high expansion foam systems. Moreover, other extinguishment equipment can be provided to address any problem that may arise. The clean agent fire suppressor system is appropriate and can easily be installed. It enables the production of gasses when incidents of fire are reported. Moreover, the onsite fire extinguishers will be used to address fire incident problems. 3.0 Phase 2: Module Shipping, Services Routing, and Externals Construction 3.1 Introduction Phase 2 allows for module shipping, services routing, and externals construction. The module is brought together and allied so that the services provision can be attached [4]. It also ensures easiness in attaching other module and components that make up the important sections of the submarine. The external constructions ensure components such as propellers and communication devices [17]. In shipping the modules, gaps and spaces will be created because the modules are not fixed. Figure 3: Phase 2 3.2 Risk Assessment Operations Characteristics of failure NO Operation Failure mode Causes of failure Effects of failure 1 T-frames Smoke can propagate easily Spaces left at the t-frames when the modules are introduced into the pressure hull Propagation of smoke may result in fires, and the smoke can be dangerous for the employees and the stability of the asset 2 Dangerous substances Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and other by-products of hot works and bringing modules to the pressure hull Propagation of the smell associated with the dangerous substances Affects the health and safety of the employees 3 Hot works Fires, burns, and scalding Ineffective use of equipment and tools Affects the health and safety of the employees; also, it can affect the quality of the asset 4 Efficiency of the doors Efficiency of the doors The doors may not operate well after installation and cannot be effective egress Employees are unable to escape during fire incidents and other safety related issues 3.3 Prevention Measures Fire containment due to the bulkhead structure: because of the structural ratings and design. The main bulkheads are rated based on SOLAS A-60. Combustible materials should be stored away from the vicinity of the construction, and usage of any combustible material should adhere to regulations in place. 3.4 Detection and Alarm Systems Firewatchers will play an important role because they are well trained and able to notice instances of fire or smoke [5]. The firewatchers should be assigned specific section, and since numerous modules are brought into the pressure hull, it means more firewatchers should be around. Wireless fire alarms should be used to inform on instances of fires. The advantage of wireless alarms is its operation without the need for wiring, which would have contributed to other safety problems. 3.5 Escape Provisions Doors are available at the major bulkheads enclosing the modules. Six doors are available, in which it can be used as escape routes and routes for extinguishing the fires/smoke. The exit routes should be visible and appropriate lighting should be in place [18]. The doors should not be sliding or rotating since it inhibits the speed of movement. Audible techniques should be incorporated to assist the employees to escape to safety. Additional holes can be drilled to address the requirements of exceeding more than 50 employees. However, strategic factors should be considered in arriving at this conclusion. 3.6 Assets Protection Measures The construction process has advanced meaning more assets need protection. The assets include the employees, the constructed modules, the pressure hall, the equipment and materials [19]. The safety and health requirements have to be capitalized to ensure the employees are not injured. The employees have to understand their respective roles and use experience and knowledge in constructing the submarine. The equipment and other parts of the submarine should adhere to the policies on ensuring risks are eliminated or averted. Therefore, numerous processes are brought together to ensure the entire structure is shielded from any risks. 3.7 Means of extinguishment Appropriate fire fighting equipment should be availed. Some of the appropriate fire fightings is clean agent fire suppressor system and high expansion foam systems [6]. Moreover, other extinguishment equipment can be provided to address any problem that may arise. For example, specific fire extinguishers should be placed strategically on the construction site and within the ship to extinguish any fire. The clean agent fire suppressor system is appropriate and can easily be installed. It enables production of gases when incidents of fire are reported [20]. Moreover, the onsite fire extinguishers will be used to address fire incident problems. 4.0 Phase 3: Section Assembly, Services Connection, and Outfitting 4.1 Introduction The Phase 3 of the construction enables section assembly, service connection, and outfitting. The section assembly ensures the modules are attached to each other and equipment appropriate for each module are provided and installed. For example, the batteries are provided, and also the resting area sits and beds are installed. Service connection such as lighting, communication, waste management and air conditioning are installed and checked to determine whether it operates effectively. The outfitting ensures the communication masts and other important components are installed and checked whether it operate effectively. The risk assessment table presents some hazards and its respective influence to the construction process. Figure 4: Phase 3 4.2 Risk Assessment Operations Characteristics of failure NO Operation Failure mode Causes of failure Effects of failure 1 Installation of equipment and tools e.g. beds The equipment may not fit the allocate spaces and injuries during installation Poorly trained personnel and ineffectiveness in construction and installation of the equipment and tools The installation of equipment and tools will not meet the requirements of the asset owners 2 Services connection Incomplete connections mean the services are not continuous Poor quality of the materials and unprofessional technicians Poor quality of the final product 3 Hot works Burning and destruction of the submarine Poor approach of use of hot works and experience of the employees The quality of the submarine is affected 4 Dangerous substances Emission of gases and dangerous substances Ineffective storage of dangerous substances and inappropriate use of the dangerous substances The employees’ health and safety is a major issue because the emissions can affect them. It will also affect the completion of the project because of absence of employees 5 Installation of technical components e.g. batteries Poor installation and laying of the technology Poor design of the raw materials and ineffective installation The entire asset can be ineffective 6 Electrical faults Short circuiting are examples of challenges that may arise Incomplete wiring or other challenges occurring when the electrical equipment are switched on The entire asset can be compromised and the civilians health and safety can also be compromised 4.3 Prevention Measures The employees should understand their respective roles including hazards associated with their duties during the construction [7]. The employees should have appropriate gear and other resources that advance employee operational safety and health. Combustible materials, wiring systems, other utility features should be configured to ensure threats are minimized. Warming systems, firewatchers, and adherence to the construction requirements should be championed to reduce threats. 4.4 Detection and Alarm Systems The detection system and DG AFFF system are available for use. However, the wireless fire detection systems will still be required to provide additional information to address the challenges that may arise. Firewatchers are also important and will be strategically located throughout the construction site to ensure monitoring is achieved. 4.5 Escape Provisions The exit provisions from the submarine are the Fwd and Aft escape hatches and conning tower. Therefore, there are only three escape routes meaning the employees and users of the submarine should concentrate on their health, safety and security [8]. It also means escaping routes should be clearly labeled through indicating the areas and regions in which an individual can move through to safety. It includes the use of signs to indicate the direction to safety, which are clearly illuminated. In addition, the emergency holes can still be drilled but it becomes more inconvenient to the entire construction of the ship [19]. However, any adjustments should consider the integrity of the entire asset and the influence of the final product. It is also important to consider the influence of any fire on other stakeholders. Hence, any fire incident during the stage can be disastrous to the asset and other stakeholders. 4.6 Asset Protection Measures The asset is in a vulnerable stage and precautions and measures should be in place. All firefighting equipment should be on standby, and all the detection measures should be on high alert [15]. Efficient firefighter’s availability is important, and numerous firefighting equipment should be available. The employees and civilians within the vicinity of the construction should champion safety and health in reducing chances of complications. 4.7 Means of Extinguishment The detection systems should be operational including the presences of additional resources, which are firewatchers and wireless fire systems. At this stage, numerous technological components will have installed meaning extinguishment systems should consider the nature of the equipment. For example, extinguishers for Class A, B, and C should be available to address any fire incident. In addition, the clean agent fire suppressor system and high expansion foam systems should be available [9]. 5.0 Phase 4: Boat Launch and Snagging 5.1 Introduction It is the most vulnerable period for both the engineers and the firefighting department [12]. Any complication that may arise during the period may comprise the asset. The boat launch means an introduction to wet areas and any electrical fault may result in worse consequences. The snagging may tire the submarine or contribute to fire incidents [10]. During the period, the concentration of fire safety should not only be on the employees and the asset but also to the people who came to witness the launching and other fundamentals associated with transferring responsibility for the asset. Figure 5: Phase 4 5.2 Risk Assessment Operations Characteristics of failure NO Operation Failure mode Causes of failure Effects of failure 1 Rubbish accumulation Inhibits movement resulting in fire incidents It can triple an individual resulting in numerous consequences and fires can occur The asset can easily be compromised 2 Electrical faults Short circuiting or some equipment may not power Ineffective wiring of the systems and other systematic problems Compromising of the asset 3 Wet docket challenges Source of short circuiting Water is a good conductor of electricity The employees can be injured, and the asset be compromised 4 High population Control of the high population whole managing launching Crowd control can become a challenge The entire launching process can be compromised 5.2 Prevention Measures The crowd control should be encouraged, and it can be achieved by incorporating the firefighters in managing the crowds. The firefight equipment and monitoring technologies should be kept in high alert to avert any incidence towards fulfilling the requirements of the phase. 5.3 Detection and Alarm Systems Firewatchers and the DG AFFF system can be used to determine incidents of fire. 5.4 Escape Provisions The exit provisions from the submarine are the Fwd and Aft escape hatches and conning tower. Therefore, there are only three escape routes meaning the employees and users of the submarine should concentrate on their health, safety and security [11]. It also means escaping routes should be clearly labeled through indicating the areas and regions in which an individual can move through to safety. It includes the use of signs to indicate the direction to safety, which are clearly illuminated. In addition, during the boat launch and snagging, boats should be standby, in which it will pick people when they are evacuated from the submarine. Hence, additional assets will be required on the safe of water including divers to address any emergency. 5.5 Assets Protection Measures The water spray system and the managing of the people within the vicinity of the asset will be capitalized. It will ensure the asset is not compromised and easiness in the use of protection mechanisms. It will also allow for using other assets to secure the asset such as the use of fire extinguishers [12]. 5.6 Means of Extinguishment The whole boat water spray system will be used to address any external and to some extent internal fire incidents. Class A, B, and C fire extinguishers will be placed in the submarine to extinguish internal fires. 6.0 Conclusion Fire safety integrates numerous factors in ensuring the submarine is completed according. It provides mechanisms to address complications that may arise during the construction such as consequences of hot works and dangerous emissions. It addresses the approaches that can be used for escape and alternatives to fighting fires. It provides means of fire detection and securing the safety of the asset. 7.0 References [1] NAVSEA Technical Publication, 2014, Industrial Ship Safety Manual for Fire Prevention and Response, S0570-AC-CCM-010/8010. [2] Bohlin, S, and Olofsson, A, 2012, Fire safety on board submarines – Crew interventions, Department of Fire Safety Engineering and Systems Safety, Lund University, Sweden. [3] The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005, Statutory Instruments: Regulatory Reform, England and Wales, No. 1541. [4] United States Department of Labor, 2015, Safety and Health Topics: Shipbuilding and Ship Repair, Retrieved from https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/shipbuildingrepair/ [5] Washington State Legislature, 2014, Safety Standards for Ship Repairing, Shipbuilding and Shipbreaking. Retrieved from http://apps.leg.wa.gov/WAC/default.aspx?cite=296-304&full=true [6] Health and Safety Executive, 2015, Proposals to remove fourteen legislative measures [7] Shipbuilding and ship-repairing Regulations, Retrieved from http://consultations.hse.gov.uk/consult.ti/cd239/viewCompoundDoc?docid=62900&partId=64980&sessionid=&voteid= [8] Auburn Manufacturing, Inc. 2015, In Shipbuilding Safety is ALWAYS on the Line Shipbuilders Depend on AMI for Approved Hot Work Fabrics. Retrieved from http://www.auburnmfg.com/uploads/Shipbuilding-1.2015.pdf [9] Department of Homeland Security United States Coast Guard, 2012, Fire Safety, Prevention and [10] Emergency Response Services, Retrieved from https://www.uscg.mil/directives/cim/11000-11999/CIM_11320_1.pdf [11] Danish Maritime Authority, 2007, Chapter II-2 A Fire protection, fire detection and fire extinction, retrieved from http://www.dma.dk/SiteCollectionDocuments/Legislation/Medd%20D/2007/D-II-2A-01052007.pdf [12] Transport Canada, 2015, PART IV: SOLAS CHAPTER II-2 Construction – Fire protection, fire detection and fire extinction, retrieved from https://www.tc.gc.ca/eng/marinesafety/tp-menu-515-4292.htm [13] Det Norske Veritas AS (NO), 2004, part 4, Chapter 10, Fire Safety, retrieved from https://exchange.dnv.com/publishing/rulesship/2004-07/ts410.pdf [14] Yoshida, K, 2014, Fire Safety ISO standards in ISOTC92SC1, retrieved from http://www.transfeu.eu/fileadmin/user/pdf/TRANSFEU_to_IMO_and_ISO_K_Yoshida.pdf [15] Maritime and Coastguard Agency, 2003, Construction - Fire Protection, Fire Detection and Fire Extinction Implementing SOLAS Chapter II-2, 2002, London, The Stationery Office. [16] Paik, J. K., & Thayamballi, A. K, 2007, Ship-shaped offshore installations: design, building, and operation, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. [17] Roland, F., Manzon, L., Kujala, P., Brede, M., & Weitzenböck, J 2004, Advanced joining techniques in European shipbuilding. Journal of Ship Production, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 200-210. [18] König, M., Beißert, U., Steinhauer, D., & Bargstädt, H. J 2007, Constraint-based simulation of outfitting processes in shipbuilding and civil engineering. In Proceedings of the 6th EUROSIM Congress on Modeling and Simulation. [19] Hayman, B., Dogliani, M., Kvale, I., & Fet, A. M 2000, Technologies for reduced environmental impact from ships-Ship building, maintenance and dismantling aspects, ENSUS-2000, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. [20] Hedley-Whyte, J., & Milamed, D. R 2008, Asbestos and ship-building: fatal consequences. The Ulster Medical Journal, vol. 77, no. (3), p. 191. Read More