Macro & Microeconomics Essays

Controversies have crippled the HS2 project in Britain. It has received criticism from many members of parliament because of its new cost. Some members of parliament have argued that the costs and benefits of the high-speed railway line continue to decline since it would dig deeper into the taxpayers’ pockets.

Oil subsidy has a negative impact on different governments’ budgets. A lot of money is used in subsidizing the product thus enhancing local consumption. Most governments that initially proposed subsidy reforms are attempting to eliminate the policy because of the disadvantages it is associated with including failure to direct funds.

The drug policy in Portugal is imperative in that it offers a platform through which to go through the legalization issues facing

An increase in money supply will result in an increase in demand for loanable funds. The excess demand will force institutions to increase the supply resulting in a new equilibrium level at E2. An increase in money supply will result in a decline in the interest rate which will shift the money supply curve to the right resulting in a new equilibrium position at point B.

Whereas the field of economics traditionally deals with legitimate businesses and the means by which interaction between individuals for business entities is conducted, there is a solid stratum of the economy that is oftentimes on analyzed. It is estimated that each and every year hundreds of billions of dollars annually are absorbed into the black market.

Running expenses include costs that directly accrue with mileage including oil and gas while those whose chances increase with mileage include accident repair costs, and repair when there is the failure of components. Fixed costs include procurement, inventory control, and general management o the automobile, insurance, parking, storage, washing, incidental expenses, equipping, reconditioning, and modification of the automobile.

Subsequently, it can be asserted that the objective of this particular assignment is to examine the issue of inflation on the US rental properties, which is adversely affecting the micro and macro-economic environment of the US.

From the paper, business activities are often established on the concept of demand and supply. In this case, people engaging in the production and sale of goods and services need to develop an effective understanding of the demand and supply statistics in the market before launching their goods and services.

eir customers, use other raw materials for products production or different packages; offer additional attendant services and products for the customers of the products) and perceived (when companies use advertising to make the customer believe that a product has some additional

For the period five years to 2014, China's transport industry income has been increasing by 7.9% every year. There are roughly 260 ventures operating in the transport industry, employing approximately 737,250 workers and offering total wages of about $4.5 billion in 2014. China Aircraft and High-Speed Rail (HSR) stand out as the most convenient means of transportation.

I agree with the author that the United States government should be the catalyst for innovations in intermodal transportation. The government should be quicker to agree to the significance of intermodal keys to the United States’ transportation needs.

Moreover, this should be in line with the planned aggregate supply, which is equal to planned aggregate demand. However, aggregate expenditure play a much greater role in determining the equilibrium price as compared to the aggregate

Generally, the adverse effects of tariffs on economies have been noted by various organizations, including the World Bank as well as the WTO (Tirschwell 2003 p 56). However, the disadvantages that the country imposing the tariffs suffers are more than those of foreign producers to whom tariffs are applied.

Very often liquidity trap also takes place. It refers to the situation where the increase in money supply interest rate does not fall and interest elasticity of demand for money becomes infinite. It is caused because of a severe recession. Crowding out effect means a tendency for a rising in government purchases of goods and services to bring a decrease in investment. It happens because of the expansionary fiscal policy

This is a model that permits the bank to provide “judgement-free statistical forecasts of inflation and output growth as inputs into the forecasting process, and to offer measures of relevant news in the data” (Kapetanios G, Labhard V and

This is because firms will be willing supply relatively higher quantities of coal at the previous price (PE). A shift of the supply

The two main banks in Cyprus suffered greatly from the Greek’s sovereign bond write down, which had major backing from the EU members

The author of the article Ezra Klein states that these theories are doubtful and it is high time to consider the third one. She presents the views of Fieldhouse, who argues that it is mistaken to consider the rising taxes to be the cause of equality as they on the contrary help regulate inequality preventing the rich from obtaining more wealth (Klein).

Raising the minimum wage will harm economic growth. Raising the minimum wage is a freedom killer as it denies low-skilled workers the opportunity to get a job and receive ‘on the job’ training. The most affected are the young workers looking for the first opportunity to have a job as they have no experience.

From time to time, IMF has faced a lot of criticisms mainly on the condition its loans have. There are also a lot of criticisms on how IMF is not accountable and its will in lending to nations that have bad human

Life expectancy decreases by 13 years on average for heavy smokers compared to people who have never smoked. Moderate smokers (fewer than twenty cigarettes a day) lose an estimated 9 years, while light (intermittent) smokers lose 5 years.

Generally, the paper explores the challenges and gains that are present in this market. The main courses of death are chronic diseases treatable in the United States of America. The Centers for Disease Control reveals a shocking statistic that put heart attack as the main course of death in the country.

These are then grilled by the vendor to make sandwiches, soups and other delicacies. In the same hall, there is another food vendor that makes and vends seafood such as fish and crab burgers. In the same area, there is a Spanish

Young people of Canada require several skills before they enter the job market. The different skills that they acquire go hand in hand with the economic development of a nation. The economy of Canada goes through different challenges but also has different opportunities for young men and women. The essay explores various skills young men, and women require in developing the economy of Canada.

It is based on corporate sales and a country’s GDP. As the era of globalizations is fast gaining momentum, people who are marginalized are getting more irritated by the intentions of big corporations. It has led to the resistance and protests against globalization

Malaysia had its significant share in the financial crisis of South East Asia in 1997-98. The devaluation of Ringgit and the negative growth rate of infrastructure along with the rise in inflation made its situation vulnerable. There were several reasons both in short term and long term contributed to the higher extent of damage during the crisis. 

The article Price Controls was published in 2011 in the New York Times includes a series of short articles about the effects of price controls on different parts of the world (Nytimes). In Brazil back in the mid-1980s the government eliminated price controls that were instituted in an attempt to control inflation.

The actual situation is even worse as it does not include unemployment data for discouraged workers who are unemployed but not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. Unemployment rates in transition economies and developing countries have also moved higher, “in particular in the CIS and Central and South-eastern Europe” (Andy Kilmister, 2008).

If all the ills associated with illegal immigration were to be quantified in items that appear in the federal budget, illegal immigrants would create a net fiscal deficit. In 2002, the illegal aliens reportedly led to a fiscal deficit of more than $10 billion. If an amnesty is added for illegal aliens, this figure would spike to nearly $29 billion.

According to the study it is natural to assume that parents only want the best when it comes to schooling for their kids. This is something that is universal across parents of varying social classes. Schools that have a better reputation will also likely require a higher cost a living in the surrounding areas. 

Where one country has more labor and the other one having more capital that is technical and machinery. The country selected has more labor than capital. This theory combines both comparative

2009). Economists who are trying to predict the rate of recovery look at the similarities it has with other previous recession. It relates it with the recession of 1970s and 80s which was followed by a sharp recovery. In relation to 1980 recession, the economy

The airline operates over 400 flights every day from hubs located in Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia (Kami, n.d). Started on December 12th, 2001, the carrier has been such a huge occurrence in the airline industry mainly in Asia. The airline, with its average icon,

Davidson presents a historical account of the national debt and how new US government inherited the war time debts. He further provides evidence of how subsequent governments actually either reduced or increased the national till a point when it became the permanent feature of

The history of economic thought states that the main objective of the firm is to minimize its cost and maximize its profit using any legal methods available. Therefore, it would be profitable for a firm to apply price discrimination. However, we should not ignore cases and issues arising when applying discriminatory strategies as this can affect a firm’s choice whether to discriminate or not.

The war in Afghanistan is an issue that still engenders a great deal of societal debate; however, instead of delving into this debate in seeking to take sides, the author will instead leverage the information that is represented within the article, and the article alone, as a means of drawing inference upon whether or not statistics and data are valid for making the points at hand.

The government implements policies that compel employers to pay employees certain amounts, as a result of long-term service in their organizations and terms of severance payments. These compel employers to terminate the employment of some unskilled workforce, owing to their fear of paying them long-term service compensation.

One such program operates under the FISA Court authority and is pursuant to FISA’s “business records” authority, which has a common reference as “Section 215”. Together with similar programs in operation pursuant to FISA, and including exercising of trap/pen authorities, give crucial intelligence information.

In the earlier days the concept of barter system encompassed trading of goods by people. In such a context the purchasing power cannot be easily stored. As there was trade development the goods

 African and Asian countries like China had not shown many signs of capitalism. They did engage in petty wars, internal problems, monopoly, and restrictions in trade and commerce. This essay goes with Stark’s view and discusses the thesis – Divergent factors leading to growth in Europe and not in China.

This is a particularly crucial debate with many business corporations, firms and enterprises beginning to become very keen to discover whether doing away with the hefty budget proportions normally allocated to IT

Atlantic City is a well-known tourist destination in the world. The city is particularly popular for gambling center. It is recognized as the second largest gambling center in the US after Las Vegas. The city is popularly called the “Gambling Capital of the East Coast.”

Subsides provide benefits to farmers and corporate agribusinesses as they allow them to purchase products from the small household farmers at a price that is far below the production cost to allow them to sell the products at market rates. Subsidies provide relief to the struggling farmers, and the government should provide more subsidies to prevent the fluctuation of coffee market prices.

Inflation will have an impact on my purchasing power because the prices of products and services will increase. This means that I will not be in a position to afford what I used to buy in the past, for example, if I like eating chicken and its price hikes, I will have to look for another alternative for chicken, say meat. I will be forced to replace the products that give me the same satisfaction or utility.

The increase in population has played a major role in a decrease in resources hence their scarcity. Also, it has made it hard for people to meet their daily needs that are necessary for survival. With the scarcity of resources, people are made to compete for the less available supplies. The paper aims at outlining the disparity between needs and wants.

For instance, a contractionary policy would involve the selling of government bonds in the open market. On the other hand, an expansionary policy would involve the purchase of government bonds on the open market. More money in an economy stimulates economic growth. However, the excessively high level of money circulating in the economy induces inflation.

t a good analysis, there is a requirement to insert the costs and figures of performance of the two different fleet obtained from credible published sources. The values to be inserted are indicated in the template and the rest of the values will be calculated. With the correct

The early differentiation out of which the distinction between leisure and a working class arises is a division maintained between men's and women's work in the lower stages of barbarism (Hodgson, 2004). Likewise, the earliest form of ownership is an ownership of the women by the able-bodied men of the community.

Globalization has had a tremendous impact on our lives, and forever changed the way the world functions, interacts, and behaves. Generally speaking, globalization is the "ongoing process by which regional economies, societies, and cultures have become integrated through globe-spanning networks of exchange".

had been a critical stage in its downward slide towards a deep recession although there are some encouraging signs lately but the signals are still weak as borne by various economic data. A hard choice to make for the Federal Reserve Bank is whether to keep interest rates close